Heat pump concept and working principle

As the name implies, the heat pump is a mechanical device that transfers heat from a low-temperature heat source to a high-temperature heat source. For example, in winter, outdoor air, surface water, groundwater and so on are low-temperature heat sources, while indoor air is a high-temperature heat source. Heat pump air conditioner is able to transport the heat of the outdoor environment to the indoor environment. To figure out the working principle of the heat pump, we must first understand the working principle of the refrigeration system. Refrigeration system (compression refrigeration) generally consists of four parts: compressor, condenser, throttle, evaporator. The working process is: low temperature and pressure liquid refrigerant (such as Freon), first in the evaporator from a low temperature heat source (such as chilled water) absorbs heat and gasification. The compressor then draws the vaporized refrigerant gas in the evaporator and compresses it into the condenser, at which point the refrigerant gas becomes a high-temperature, high-pressure gas. The high-temperature high-pressure gas is condensed in a condenser by a high-temperature heat source (for example, cooling water) to become a liquid and becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. And then intercepted by the throttle valve into a low temperature and low pressure liquid refrigerant. This completes a refrigeration cycle. For a split heat pump air conditioner, the condenser is placed outdoors in the summer and the evaporator is placed indoors. Run the indoor heat delivered to the outdoors. In winter, the evaporator is placed outdoors and the condenser is placed indoors so that the outdoor heat is delivered to the interior. Of course, we do not disassemble equipment for the season, but through the physical conversion valve so that the evaporator and condenser transposed. Heat pump air conditioning inside a four-way valve. In cooling conditions, the indoor heat exchanger is the evaporator, and the outdoor heat exchanger (the one that calls out the hot air in the summer) is the condenser. In winter heating, the four-way valve to switch to change the flow of refrigerant, this time, the indoor heat exchanger is the condenser, outdoor heat exchanger (winter out of the cold wind that thing) is the evaporator. As the winter out of the cold, the heat exchanger to frost, so frost to a certain extent, the four-way valve to switch, air conditioning into the summer cooling conditions, outdoor heat exchanger to get the heat, defrost, defrost After the completion of the four-way valve and then switch to the heating state. In case of defrosting, the fan of the indoor unit is stopped to prevent cold air blowing into the room.

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