How to buy building materials? ? ?

Tiles ● Material selection: 1. Polished tiles: The surface is smooth and bright. 2. Vitrified tiles: The surface is smooth and bright, but it is denser than the polished tiles and does not seep through. 3, mosaic: The current mosaic variety and technology gradually increase, high-quality glass mosaic is expensive, in 300 yuan / square meter or more, can be used to decorate. 4, marble: the general family with caution, it is best to use when the role of local embellishment. 5, sealant: Now the general household tile, has no white cement groove sewing. Colourful caulking agents can sometimes give unexpected results. ● Common specifications: Tile sizes 400x400mm, 500x500mm, 600x600mm, 800x800mm Mosaic sizes 20x20mm, 25x25mm, 30x30mm, and thickness between 4mm and 4.3mm. Price: From the price analysis, general domestic glazed wall tiles, first-class product prices at 40 yuan per square meter, deep color glaze prices slightly higher than the light color glazed brick prices, plus auxiliary materials and labor costs, etc., cost in each About 80 yuan square meters. The price of imported glazed wall tiles is 1-3 times higher than domestic ones. ● The first step in the process of selecting the tiles: Remove any piece from the packing box to see whether the surface is smooth and in good condition. The glazed surface should be uniform, bright, free from spotting, lack of glaze and bump, and the surrounding edges should be regular. Glazing is not bright, astringent, or air bubbles are quality problems. Step 2: Take another brick
Flooring ● Color selection: If the high-grade wood floor cannot be harmonized with the color of the home, it is also wasteful. The light-colored material has a uniform color and a lively style, which can fully express the warmth of the family. ● The material is assembled on a flat floor with several pieces of flooring. The accuracy of the processing quality can be seen by hand or by hand, and whether the joints are tightly assembled or not. A good floor should be precision workmanship, accurate dimensions, flat corners, no height difference. ● Classification: Solid wood flooring: The advantage is that the foot feel is good, and the real wood grain feels even more grades. The price is more expensive, and the low-grade ash wood floor is also 100 yuan/square meter. Maintenance is more troublesome. Laminate flooring: no need to polish, paint, wax, easy to clean, wear-resistant, inexpensive. The disadvantage is that it is only 8 mm thick, and the foot feels bad. The pattern is also not as vivid as a solid wood floor. The high-end price is between 100-300 yuan / flat, the middle and low price is between 70-100 yuan / flat. Solid wood composite floor: The advantage is to overcome the shortcomings of the easy deformation of solid wood flooring, maintaining the beautiful pattern of precious wood, and the grade after the pavement is very obvious. Prices are generally more than 200 yuan / square meter, the quality is better and the price of imported brands is about 400 yuan / square meter. Cork Flooring and Bamboo Flooring: Cork flooring is made from the bark of Eucalyptus eucalyptus, which is crushed and hot-pressed. It is one of the best natural composite wood floors in the world.
Cabinet ● Cabinet material selection: The cabinet board is best to use tri-hydroamine board, much better than wood board, do not use paint. The best domestic triple hydrogen amine board is Lushuihe, with a board costing 105 yuan and the others as much as 70 yuan. ● Tabletop surface selection: Material suitable for kitchen countertops, fireproof board, artificial stone, natural marble, stainless steel, etc. Among them, the performance-price ratio of artificial stone countertops is the best. Domestic artificial stone countertops, Monterey and Nenshi are of good quality. Domestic artificial stone countertops are about 1,000 yuan per square meter. >>Details ● Selection of cabinet hardware: The hardware is mainly hinges and drawer tracks. The hinge quality of Hai Fule, Italy FGV, Salichai, and Ferrari is reliable. The price is 150% to 800% higher than that of domestic production. The use of Blum BLUM fully concealed drawer rails for the drawer track provides high strength and strong side stability. ● It is better to use the imported matte metal skirting board with waterproof rubber on the baseboard of the cabinet. Not only waterproof, moisture, mold, rust, and beautiful and durable, will not be damaged for life. Wooden kickboards are generally used by manufacturers for the corner waste that is left when the cabinet body is used, and the cost is low. Wood material easily absorbs moisture. ● What kind of lamp should be installed in the cabinet? General glass door hanging cabinets or kitchen cabinets equipped with light ceilings are equipped with spotlights, which are classified into probe type and horizontal type. But pay attention to choose the 12V spotlight with transformer, for safety reasons, the country banned furniture lighting use 220V voltage
Doors and windows have become increasingly demanding for doors and windows. Doors and windows, which were once neglected, are also attracting more and more attention. In spring and summer, due to the influence of wind and sand, and hot weather, the demand for doors and windows from consumers is most basic. The ventilation and lighting have become a comprehensive requirement for aesthetics, sealing, and opening methods. In the market, the most popular ones at present are plastic steel doors and windows, thermal insulation of plastic steel doors and windows, sealing and sound insulation, anti-aging, anti-aging, and elegant appearance, which have many advantages. However, there are many brands and styles of plastic windows on the market, and prices and quality vary widely, making it difficult for consumers to distinguish between them. From the current point of view, the doors and windows used by developers in newly-developed commercial housing have been very practical, and the airtightness has reached the requirements of living, but many consumers expect more functionality for the impact of wind and dust in the spring. Doors and windows appear.
Coatings ● Relationship between latex paints and coatings and paints: Latex paints refer to a generic class of coatings based on emulsions; paints refer to all types of oil-based paints that use solvents as a carrier; ● Calculated paint quantities: First, calculations must be performed The area, with the brushed area, will be divided by the coating area per liter of paint to obtain the required amount of paint. For general interior wall finishing, there is an empirical formula to calculate the brushing area: one coat of paint required Liter = (Building Area x 2.5) / Paint Area per Liter Paint Calculator ● Primary Effect of Primer: Primer Usually Used to seal the substrate, enhance adhesion, play an anti-alkali, rust and other effects. The use of a primer can generally enhance the texture of the system, save the amount of topcoats, and shorten the construction time. Without direct application of the primer, the appearance and texture of the paint film may be affected, and problems such as chalking may also occur. Metal coating without primer can not be effective anti-rust effect. ● How often the primer and topcoat should be painted: Inside the ordinary interior wall, within the prescribed dilution ratio, it is usually only necessary to coat the primer twice. Dark paint may need to be coated more times as needed. It is recommended to use a similar intermediate color and use roller or spray. The dilution ratio must be controlled.
Hardware 1 optional door locks: The door lock looks like a lot, pick it up for a while. Simply put, the lock inside the supermarket is basically about 100 yuan, which is not cheap. The door lock of the building materials city is relatively cheap, and 70 to 80 yuan can buy a very beautiful and practical one. 2 Optional hinges: General doors are equipped with 2 hinges. If you want to be more durable, you can consider 3 gates. Generally 18-24 yuan/each. 3 Select the door stopper: This little thing looks inconspicuous, but is very practical for the family, can prevent the door from touching the wall. Generally about 10 yuan (mainly for the protection of the wall) 4 election floor drain: floor drain is an ordinary type, washing machine-specific, deepening deodorant type, the price is generally around 20-30 yuan. 5 Select the leading: Now many people like to use the above counter basin, which works well, but when buying a leader, you must consider the height of the basin to avoid the height of the faucet. 6 Others: The easiest way to buy hardware is to buy a hand that feels heavy under the same price. And if you press the tap several times, it is not easy to leave fingerprints. That is, the plating is better.
The type of test used lamps lighting lamps <br> roughly chandeliers, wall lamps, ceiling lamps, floor lamps, table lamps, downlights and so on. Regardless of the kind of lighting used, the most important thing is whether its safety indicators are qualified. The owner can identify the following aspects.
(1) Identify from the appearance of lamps 1 Marks of lamps When purchasing lamps, you should first check the marks on the lamps, such as trademarks, models, rated voltage, rated power, etc., to determine whether they meet their own requirements. Marking safety is a basic requirement in the safety performance of lamps and lanterns, among which the rated power is particularly important. For example, a lamp designed for 40 watts, because the nominal power is not marked, the user is likely to install a 60-watt or 100-watt lamp, which may cause the deformation of the housing. , Insulation damage, and even cause electric shock, it may cause a fire. In addition, the standard stipulates that the smallest cross-section of the wire used in the luminaire is 0.5 square millimeters. Some manufacturers reduce the cost. The cross-sectional area of ​​the wire used in the product is less than 0.5 square millimeters. This may scorch the wire and burn the insulation layer. A short circuit occurs and creates a hazard. At the time of purchase, look at the markings printed on the insulating layer outside the wires on the luminaire. 2 From the protection against electric shock protection, attention should be paid to protection against electric shock. After the lamp is powered on, people must not touch live parts and there will be no risk of electric shock. If you buy incandescent lamps (such as chandeliers, wall lamps), put the lamp on without electricity, if you touch the live parts with your little fingers, the electric shock protection performance is basically consistent. Caused by lamp electrical shock performance does not meet the standards, generally use non-compliant lampholders or lamps live parts without cover and other protection measures against electric shock.
(2) Identify from the structure of the luminaire 1 There shall be no sharp edges on the metal pipe entrances and exits through which the wires pass, so as not to cut the wires and cause the metal parts to be charged, resulting in electric shock. 2 Removable lamps such as table lamps and floor lamps should have a wire holder at the entrance of the power cord. The function is to prevent the heating element from being touched when the power cord is pushed back. The wire is too hot and the insulating layer melts. The exposed wire contacts the metal shell and the shell is charged. Causes an electric shock.
(3) Identification of accessories used on luminaires 1 If electronic ballasts are used in the luminaires, luminaires equipped with anomalously protected electronic ballasts should be purchased. The so-called abnormal protection means that a certain non- The protection provided in the normal state allows the electronic ballast to work normally. 2 If the lamp is an inductive ballast, look at the ballast's logo and try to use a type with a higher Tw (such as Tw130). Especially when the lamp's cooling conditions are poor, it should be noted. Tw is the rated maximum operating temperature of the ballast coil. At this temperature, the ballast can operate continuously for 10 years.
Plate Plate sheet classification according to material classification can be divided into solid wood boards, plywood into two categories; by forming classification can be divided into solid board, plywood, fiberboard, decorative panels, fire board, and so on. 1, solid wood panel As the name implies, solid wood panels are made of wood made of complete wood. These boards are durable and have natural lines, making them the best choice for decoration. However, due to the high cost of this kind of sheet, and the high construction process requirements, there is not much to use in decoration. Solid wood panels are generally categorized according to the physical name of the panel and there is no uniform standard specification. At present, besides the use of solid wood panels for floors and doors, the panels we use are generally artificially processed panels. 2, splint splint, also known as plywood, row commonly known as fine core board. Composed of three or more layers of a millimeter thick or thin veneer glue hot repression. Is the handmade furniture of the most commonly used material. Plywood is generally divided into three kinds of plates, 5 PCT board, 9 PCT board, 12 PCT board, 15 PCT board and 18 PCT board of six kinds of specifications (1 PCT is 1 mm).
3, decorative panel decorative panel decorative panel decorative panel, commonly known as panel. It is a veneer with a thickness of about 0.2mm, and a veneer with a single-sided decorative effect. It is a special way of plywood, with a thickness of 3%. 4, Blockboard Blockboard, commonly known as Daxin board. Daxin board is made of two pieces of veneer and pressed and spliced ​​with wood. The price of the big core board is lower than that of the fine core board, and its vertical direction (differentiated by the core material) has poor bending pressure strength, but the transverse bending strength is high. 5, particle board particle board is the use of wood scraps as the main raw material, then add glue, additives made by pressing thin plate. According to the pressing method, it can be divided into two types: extruded particle board and flat pressed particle board. The main advantage of this kind of sheet is that the price is extremely cheap. The disadvantages are also obvious: the intensity is extremely poor. Generally not suitable for making larger or mechanical requirements of furniture. 6, density board density board, also known as fiberboard. The artificial board made of urea-formaldehyde resin or other suitable adhesives based on wood fiber or other plant fibers is classified into high-density board, medium-density board, and low-density board depending on its density. MDF is also easy to rework because of its soft and impact resistance. In foreign countries, MDF is a good material for making furniture, but due to the fact that the national standard for height plates is several times lower than international standards, the quality of use of MDF in China needs to be improved. 7. Fireproof board Fireproof board is made of silicon or calcium material as the main raw material, and a certain proportion of fiber materials, lightweight aggregates, adhesives and chemical additives mixed by autoclave technology made of decorative plates. It is a new type of material that is being used more and more. Its use is not only due to fire protection. The construction of the fire board requires a relatively high requirement for glue sticking, and the fire board with better quality is also more expensive than the decorative panel. Fire board thickness is generally 0.8mm, 1mm and 1.2mm. 8, melamine board melamine board, the full name is melamine impregnated film coated wood-based panels, is a wall decoration material. The manufacturing process consists of immersing papers with different colors or textures into melamine resin adhesives, drying them to a certain degree of curing, and laying them on the surface of chipboard, medium density fiberboard or hardboard, and hot pressing them. Decorative plates.
Other consumers buy building materials for granted Four Mistakes
Myth #1: Using price as the primary criterion for selecting floors Because there are many brands in the flooring market and the prices are confusing, some consumers still regard prices as the primary criteria for selecting floors, and some consumers think that what should be laid on the ground should not spend too much The money, the cheaper the better; Some are the pursuit of high-end, that the more expensive the floor, the better the second mistake: Blind pursuit of precious wood species in the purchase of solid wood flooring, some people blindly the pursuit of expensive species, that the higher the price of the species, The quality is also higher. In fact, the level of the floor price is mainly determined by the rareness of the selected species, but the degree of rareness of the species is not directly proportional to the level of its quality. The hardness and the degree of deformation of some rare species are not necessarily higher than those of ordinary species. high. An industry source explained that some low-cost wood species are more adapted to local misunderstandings. Third: Excessively pursuing large specifications, colorlessness, and flatness. Some consumers are blindly pursuing large-size, large-size floors when they purchase floors. The large-sized floor is covered with less seams and is more beautiful. However, due to the larger size of the floor, which is the difference between the degree of swelling and shrinkage of greater tension inside and outside, by contrast, large-sized floor more Myth: the floor's renovation work as their own, please carpenter installed in the floor of good quality There is a saying in the industry that “three-point floor is seven-pack”. After all, the floor is a semi-finished product and it must be installed after scientific installation.

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