The massive use of fossil energy has brought serious environmental pollution and energy crisis. It is foreseeable that in the near future, the energy use of human society will be converted from limited carbon-based fossil energy to endless renewable energy. Fuel cells and metal-air batteries play an important role in this type of energy conversion. At present, expensive Pt catalysts have always been used in fuel cells; it is reported that Pt catalysts account for about 20% of the entire fuel cell cost, which is one of the important reasons that such high-efficiency energy devices have not been used on a large scale. Therefore, the development of low-cost electrocatalytic materials with high activity and stability is still a great challenge.
Recently, Wang Jiacheng, a researcher at the Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Yang Minghui, a researcher at the Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (co-corresponding author), together with Professor J. Paul Attfield (co-corresponding author) at the University of Edinburgh and Tiju, a professor at the Indian Institute of Technology Thomas found that zirconium-based materials showed great potential to replace precious metal Pt catalysts. Pt metal reserves are very scarce, and the price is very expensive, up to about 300 yuan per gram; compared with Zr metal reserves, the price is only 1/700 of Pt. The research results were recently published in the international journal Nature Materials (doi: 10.1038 / s41563-019-0535-9) with the title of Zirconium Nitride Catalysts SurpassPlatinum for Oxygen Reduction. As the co-first author of the paper, Wang Jiacheng participated in important work such as experimental design, data analysis, and mechanism mining. Ma Ruguang, associate researcher at Shanghai Silicate Institute, participated in the work.
In this study, the researchers used a gentle urea-glass method to prepare high-activity ZrN nanoparticles at lower temperatures. Studies have shown that they have activity comparable to commercial Pt catalysts. In addition, ZrN also shows better long-term stability than Pt. In the actual zinc-air battery test, the performance degradation of the commercial Pt catalyst after a period of use is obvious; while the performance degradation of the ZrN catalyst is much slower. In the future, the research team will further cooperate with the industry to strive to convert the laboratory research results into actual innovative products, which will help the large-scale use of clean energy and is expected to contribute to solving the energy crisis and environmental pollution problems .
Characterization of ZrN structure and morphology
Comparison of electrocatalytic performance of ZrN and commercial Pt / C (alkaline system)
Performance comparison of zinc-air batteries using ZrN and Pt / C catalysts, respectively
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