In terms of its structure, it can be roughly divided into the following categories:
1. From the heat collecting part:
1) Glass vacuum tube solar water heater
Can be subdivided into all-glass vacuum tube type, heat pipe vacuum tube type, U-tube tube vacuum tube type. Commonly used is all-glass vacuum tube type, its advantages: safety, energy saving, environmental protection, and economy. In particular, the solar water heater with auxiliary electric heating function is mainly based on solar energy, and the energy utilization mode supplemented by the electric energy enables the solar water heater to operate normally all the time throughout the year, and the efficiency is still relatively high when the ambient temperature is low. The disadvantage is that the volume is relatively large, the glass tube is fragile, the scale is easily accumulated in the tube, and the pressure cannot be operated. However, Tsinghua Sunshine has developed a heat pipe type vacuum collecting glass tube, which uses a heat transfer medium as a heat transfer medium for heat transfer. It fully solves the problem that the glass tube is fragile, the tube is easy to collect scale, the tube is frozen, and the like. Unfavorable factors and its heat collecting effect is nearly ten percentage points higher than other heat collecting tubes
2) Flat type solar water heater
Flat-type solar water heaters can be divided into tube plate type, wing tube type, coil type, flat box type, round tube type and heat pipe type. Its advantages: good overall,
The water heater exhibition has long life, low failure, low safety hazard, can be operated under pressure, safe and reliable, large area of ​​heat absorption body, easy to combine with building, strong resistance to water and air drying, and its thermal performance is also very stable. The disadvantage is that the non-vacuum inside the cover plate has poor heat preservation performance, so the heat collection performance is poor when the ambient temperature is low, and the relative power consumption is used when the auxiliary heating is used. The thermal efficiency is low when the ambient temperature is low or when the outlet water temperature is high. If the frost is broken, the entire collector plate needs to be replaced, which is suitable for the southern region where winter is not frozen.
3) Ceramic hollow flat solar water heater
The ceramic solar panel is a hollow thin-walled flat-box solar collector with a common ceramic as a base and a three-dimensional mesh vanadium-titanium black porcelain as a surface layer. The ceramic solar panel is made of porcelain material. It is impervious to water, water-tight, high in strength, good in rigidity, non-corrosive, non-aging, non-fading, non-toxic, harmless, non-radioactive, and the absorption rate of sunlight is not attenuated. Photothermal conversion efficiency.
According to the National Solar Water Heater Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, the solar absorption ratio of ceramic solar panels is 0.95, and the daily heat of concrete-structured ceramic solar roofs is 8.6MJ, which is much higher than the national standard. The ceramic solar panel is low in manufacturing cost, low in sunlight absorption ratio, and has the same life span as the building. It can be used to share the structural layer, thermal insulation layer, waterproof layer, simple structure, and better thermal insulation effect than the original roof. The concrete structure ceramic solar roof, the sunny wall surface and the balcony railing surface integrated with the building provide hot water, heating and air conditioning for the building; provide heat energy for industry, agriculture and aquaculture; can be used for large-scale solar hot water power generation and wind in the desert Road power generation, seawater desalination, brackish water desalination, desertification into farmland.
2, from the structure to classify:
1) Compact solar water heater: It is to insert the vacuum glass tube directly into the water tank, and use the circulation of heated water to raise the water temperature in the water tank. This is the most common solar water heater in the market.
2) Split type water heater: The split type water heater separates the collector from the water tank, which can greatly increase the capacity of the solar water heater. It does not use the falling water working mode and expands the scope of use.
3, from the water tank pressure points:
1) Pressure-bearing solar water heaters: The water output of solar water heaters is under pressure. Generally, it is a top-water type work, and it is not necessary to use a pressurized water tank.
2) Non-pressure-bearing solar water heaters: ordinary solar water heaters are non-pressure-bearing water heaters. The water tank has a pipe that communicates with the atmosphere. It uses the height difference between the roof and the home to generate pressure when using water. Its safety, cost and service life are much more significant than the pressure type.
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