Common diseases of beans include rust, powdery mildew, wilt, root rot, leaf spot, sclerotinia, anthracnose, mosaic and arbuscular disease (viral disease), bacterial leaf spot and nematode disease Wait. The China Pesticide Network Xiaobian introduces you to several diseases that can lead to the death of legume crops and preventive measures.
1. The roots of the beans are wet and drought-tolerant, so on the basis of ridge cultivation, small water should be poured to avoid water accumulation in the field, which causes the roots to breathe and cause plant death.
Control measures: Large flood irrigation should be avoided. If there is heavy rain, it should be drained in time. After sunny weather, conditions can be properly drafted. To increase soil permeability and improve root activity.
2. The disease is mainly caused by stems and vines. Sometimes the leaves and pods are also damaged. They contract at the base of the stem, causing the upper part to wilting and dead. When the humidity is high, the white mycelium is produced in the diseased part, which is easy to be irritated when the ventilation is poor and the soil moisture is high.
Control measures: Spraying with 72% of DuPont's condensate 500 times or 72.2% of bactericide Pulik 800 times, or spraying with 69% of Anke Mn-Zn for 1000 times. 7 to 10 days, even 2 to 3 times.
3. The pathogen of Fusarium wilt is invaded by capillary roots, and the leaves of the diseased plants turn yellow from the bottom to the top and are easy to fall off. There are sometimes cracks in the rhizome. Finally, the plants are wilting and die. When the diseased part is dissected, it can be seen that the vascular bundle turns brown and the severe outer part becomes brown. When the humidity is high, a pink mold layer is produced. This disease is caused by heavy sputum or high humidity in the shed.
Control measures: The most effective method is to use 50% DT500 times mixed with 20% methyl chlorpyrifos 1000 times before the onset or early onset, rooting once every 7 to 10 days, 2 to 3 times in a row, must be early Prevent early treatment.
4. The root rot disease leaves turn yellow and wilted from top to bottom. The leaves begin to yellow and dry from the leaf edge, and are not easy to fall off. The diseased plants are easy to pull out, the base and root of the stem are dark brown, the lateral roots fall off, the main roots rot, and finally the diseased plants die. Flat planting, over-watering, insufficient fertility, and extensive management of extensive continuous crops.
Control measures: Spray or water the 1500 times solution of the carbendazim or 300 times of the root rot in the early stage of the disease, and mix the harvest with the harvest of 800 to 1000 times, 7 to 10 days, for 2 to 3 times.
5. According to the China Pesticide Network , rust is a kind of fungal disease. It is mainly caused by beans, cowpeas, broad beans and soybeans. The damage is mainly caused by leaves, and the petioles, stems and pods can also be damaged. The primary yellow and white are slightly protruding. After the small spots are enlarged, the yellow-brown summer spore heap is broken, the epidermis is broken, and the rust brown powder is scattered. The later rust powder turns to black powder. The main factors inducing rust are high temperature and high humidity.
Control method:
1. Reasonable arrangement and strengthening management: Adjust the sowing date appropriately, so as to avoid the rainy season from the initial flowering to the harvesting season; adjust the seasonal planting ratio; prevent the planting of late-growing beans in early-planted beans, and avoid the proximity of the planting area in the early and late stages; Reasonable close planting, sorghum cultivation; formula fertilizer application, with the proportion of NPK fertilizer;
2, pesticide control: in the early stage of the disease, alternately spray 20% powder rusting emulsion 1000-1500 times liquid, or 20% triazolone sulfur suspension 1000-1500 times liquid, or 25% chlorothalonil + 70% tobuzin (1: 1) wettable powder 1000-1500 times Huai, or 25% encyclopedia 1500 times liquid, or 25% enemies de-emulsion 1500-2000 times liquid, or 33% triazolone carbendazim wettable 600-800 times liquid .
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