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National 90.3 Tesla pulsed magnets developed by the National Center for Pulsed Magnetic Field Science.
On October 23, China's national major science and technology infrastructure project, the pulsed magnetic field experimental device, deployed during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period in China, passed a national acceptance test in Wuhan, Hubei Province, marking China’s fourth after the United States, Germany, and France. The country has the world's top level large-scale pulse magnetic field experimental device.
According to reports, strong magnetic fields and extremely low temperature and ultra-high pressure are listed as one of the most important extreme conditions for modern scientific experiments. Pulsed strong magnetic field technology is an important technology for generating strong magnetic fields. The construction of a pulsed strong magnetic field experimental device can provide an ideal research platform for scientific research in condensed matter physics, materials, magnetism, chemistry, life, and medicine.
According to the report of the People's Daily, on the 23rd, during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, China’s first major national university’s major science and technology infrastructure—Huazhong University of Science and Technology’s pulsed magnetic field experimental device—was deployed and accepted, marking the country’s possession. The world's top level pulsed magnetic field experimental device has become the fourth country after the United States, Germany, and France to have large-scale pulsed magnetic field experimental devices.
Basic research essentials
Ideal platform to provide extreme conditions for modern scientific experiments
“Since then, we have been experimenting in a strong magnetic field environment, and we have no need to look for queues in foreign laboratories!†The acceptance committee, the experts of the acceptance committee, and academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences who have long been engaged in the study of magnetics and magnetic materials are all excited. ......
“In simple terms, this is equivalent to providing an experimental platform under extreme circumstances.†Li Liang, director of the National Center for Pulsed Magnetic Field Science at Huazhong University of Science and Technology, said that strong magnetic fields are listed as the most important extreme conditions for modern scientific experiments. The manifestation of most scientific effects is related to the strength of the magnetic field: the higher the magnetic field strength, the more obvious the effect will be, and some scientific effects will only appear in a strong magnetic environment.
The project's technical director and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering Pan Yan introduced that the pulsed strong magnetic field technology can not only meet the needs of leading-edge basic research, but also has a wide range of applications in aerospace, new energy and other industries. According to reports, in the past 30 years, Nobel Prizes related to strong magnetic fields have reached 10, covering many fields such as physics, materials, chemistry, biology and medicine.
"Tesla" is an international unit for measuring magnetic field strength. At 19:20 on August 6, 2013, the National Center for Pulsed Magnetic Field Science successfully achieved a peak magnetic field of 90.6 Tesla, once again refreshing the record of the highest intensity of our pulsed magnetic field, making our country the world after the United States and Germany. The third country to break through the 90 Tesla mark.
The pulsed strong magnetic field experimental device that has passed the completion acceptance has not only a series of pulsed magnets that can achieve a magnetic field strength of 90.6 Tesla, but also other experimental conditions such as low temperature, high static pressure, light sources, and electrical transmission and magnetic properties. , Magneto-optical characteristics, pressure effects, cryogenic temperatures, electron spin resonance, nuclear magnetic resonance and many other scientific experimental stations can provide an ideal research platform for scientific research in the fields of physics, materials, chemistry, life and medicine under high pulse magnetic fields.
“Now, we can say that we have done a good job in the field of pulsed and strong magnetic fields, we have achieved the world's top!†As the “initiator†of the pulsed strong magnetic field experimental device, Pan Wei said.
New exploration of industrial applications
Instantaneously, “Ballonized steel is twisted around the finger,†and permanent magnet equipment is charged as if it is charged.
“It looks like qigong. When we use a power source to drive a pulsed magnetic field, we can produce 500 tons of electromagnetic induction force in a 100-mm diameter range, instantly changing the shape of the object.†Li Liang pointed to a thick one. A 6 mm, 600 mm diameter trumpet-shaped metal tube says, "Using a pulsed strong magnetic field forming device, molding a metal circular plate into this shape requires only one process, ten milliseconds, and 0.001 kW."
This technology is called "multi-temporal pulse magnetic field forming manufacturing technology", is the power, magnets and control technology independently developed by Li Liang team relying on the center, first proposed and successfully developed in the world. The principle is that in the strong magnetic field environment, the coil interacts with the metal material and can generate a large Lorentz force, which will harden the metal material to one to two milliseconds. Shaped into specific shapes in time.
"This technology is not only efficient, but also significantly lower cost, more controllable process, a larger forming area, a more complex formable form, an integral single forming of the metal parts, and avoiding the destruction of the performance of the parts by stitched joints. Can be widely used in aerospace, aerospace, weapons industry, automobile manufacturing, instrumentation and other fields." Yao Kailun, deputy director of pulsed magnetic field experimental device technology said.
In addition, the Li Liang team also made a revolutionary breakthrough in the magnetization of permanent magnet equipment. Permanent magnetic materials are widely used in wind turbines, magnetic resonance imaging, and the like. The center integrates special magnetization fixtures or magnetization coils on the permanent magnet device to not only realize the overall magnetization after the first assembly, but also eliminates the need to disassemble the permanent magnet block when recharging, and only need to connect the power supply and discharge it again. The difficulty of assembly is reduced, the magnetization effect is improved, and the magnetization of a large permanent magnet device is as convenient as the charging of a mobile phone. In addition, the relevant derivative technology of the pulsed strong magnetic field can also be applied to magnetic refrigeration, magnetic therapy and other fields and become an important driving force for China's economic and social development.
The new normal of independent innovation
R & D series of key equipment in the international advanced level, master the core technology
"We can use conventional, inexpensive conductors to achieve the same quality of pulsed magnets that the United States uses expensive conductors, which cost less than the United States and Germany's equivalent magnets by 1/10." Li Liang said with pride: "Produces 90.6 t. Sura's magnetic field strength magnets, power supply, and control systems are all independently developed by the center." Some foreign experts commented: "You used 130 million yuan to do 130 million US dollars."
At the center, innovation has become the norm.
The coil is used as the "heart" of the magnet device. Its material and winding method are the key factors affecting the overall performance of the magnet. It is the center's "post-75" professor, Peng Tao, who overcomes this problem. The Ph.D., trained by the School of Electrical Engineering of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, successfully wound up a single-coil magnet capable of achieving a 75 Tesla peak magnetic field in 2010 for the strong magnetic field center. This is the highest field strength in the world using soft copper winding. magnet.
When Peng Tao planned to increase the magnetic field generated by the wound magnets, the center's Wang Shaoliang’s engineers were dedicated to the “subtraction†of temperature. From July 2008 to March 2011, the team of Wang Shaoliang experienced more than 30 months of hard work and independently developed the "Gifford-McMahon Refrigerator Sample Cooling Technology for Pulsed Magnetic Field Science Research". The helium gas can cool the precooled experimental sample to -271.8°C within 5 minutes, which greatly improves the experimental efficiency.
In addition, the center has also developed a series of key equipment at the international advanced level, and mastered the relevant core technologies: China's first integrated integrated pulsed magnetic field device, self-developed and domestically tested, the highest sensitivity of the same type of international transmission device, laser The wavelength range of the light source is the widest magneto-optical science experiment station of the same kind in the world, and the original flat-top waveform pulse magnet...
This series of achievements has been deeply marked by the "China created" brand.
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