The spring can produce large elastic deformation after being subjected to an external force. Therefore, a spring is widely used as an elastic member on an aircraft. The main function of the spring is to control the movement of the mechanism or the position of the part, cushioning and damping, and storing energy.
When selecting and designing a spring, first select the spring material according to its function, importance, load category, failure mode analysis and working environment, and find out its mechanical performance parameters. Taking pull and compression springs as an example, their main parameters include: spring outer diameter D, wire diameter d, free height H0, effective number of turns n, maximum working load P2 and deformation amount F2 under maximum working load. According to the given spring function and the main boundary conditions (such as the sleeve or mandrel diameter of the compression spring, the length of the two points of the tension spring and the space limitation of the structure), first determine the main parameters, such as the working load P, the outer diameter of the spring D, free height H0, then, select the spring material, according to the spring parameter calculation formula and the basic parameter table to determine other parameters, and finally check whether the design requirements are met by the load-deformation curve.
A qualified aviation spring should have sufficient strength to meet the requirements of the load-deformation characteristic line, without side bending. Therefore, in the design, the working diagram of the spring should be drawn first, and as one of the basis for the inspection and test, it is based on the load-deformation characteristic line to consider whether the technical indicators of the spring can meet the requirements of its performance.
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