Watermelon Rational fertilization Watermelon is a melon vegetable and fruit food crop, generally acidic and alkaline fertile soil, suitable for planting. Its whole growth period is divided into: germination stage, seedling stage, flowering stage and fruiting stage. The ratio of nutrient demand for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 1:0.36:1.35 on average. In the seedling stage, less fertilizer is required, the vine growing period is increased, the fruit expansion period reaches a peak, and the maturity period decreases. Watermelon is a potassium-producing crop. The ratio of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer application is about 1:0.4 to 1:0.7 to the north of the Yangtze River and about 1:0.7 to 1:1 to the south of the Yangtze River. The amount of potassium increased gradually from north to south, which is opposite to the trend of soil available potassium, which is conducive to the balance of demand.
Most of the watermelon yield is 2 to 3 tons. According to this production level, the amount of fertilizer applied per mu is recommended: 1. Base fertilizer. Compound fertilizer (15-15-15) 35 ~ 45 kg (or 13 kg of urea, 40 ~ 60 kg of calcium, 8 ~ 13 kg of potassium chloride), high-quality organic fertilizer 100 ~ 200 kg, divided into 1 ~ 2 times; 2. Stimulate the vines (the vines are about 35 cm long). Urea 7 ~ 12 kg; 3. Fruit expansion period. Urea 10 ~ 15 kg, potassium chloride 5 ~ 10 kg, divided into 1 ~ 2 times. The yield of high fertilization takes the upper limit, and the yield is lower. Excessive nitrogen fertilizer is prone to rough vines, and it is difficult to remove the vines. The sweetness of watermelon is related to potassium fertilizer, rainwater and seeds. Rainwater will dilute sweetness, and seed inheritance is an internal cause, affecting longer. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers have more residual residues in the soil than nitrogen, and the buffering capacity is large. The effect of little application in one season is small or even not affected, but it must be supplemented in the next season.
Watermelon fertilization is carried out by applying, applying, ditching or drenching the water. The hole application or ditch application ditch between rows of planting or sowing, about 15 cm from the seedling. Fertilizer should be mixed evenly with the soil to avoid contact between the roots and the fertilizer, and burn the seedlings. NPK is easy to transfer in crops: Phosphate fertilizer is generally used as base fertilizer to promote early tillering and multi-tillering; nitrogen and potassium fertilizers are used as base fertilizer and top dressing to improve quality and prevent prosperous and reduce production. Watermelon is prone to calcium and boron deficiency. In the pumping or fruit setting period, 0.5% calcium nitrate solution, 0.2% boric acid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution are sprayed to prevent premature aging and improve quality.
Cotton has a reasonable fertilization cotton development through the seedling stage, bud stage, flowering and boll stage, boll opening stage, harvest period, and the whole growth period is about 165 days. Before flowering, the vegetative growth of rooting, long stem and increased leaves was the center; after initial flowering, the main growth was bud, flowering and bell growth. During the flowering period to the boll opening period, the demand for NPK reached the highest peak, accounting for more than 60% of the total, and it was necessary to re-fertilize, followed by the bud stage to the initial flowering stage. The main cotton producing areas are in North China, Central China and Xinjiang, most of which produce 65-85 kg of lint; Xinjiang is a high-yield area with an output of 100 kg per mu. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients is about 1:0.35:0.85.
Cotton is a cash crop and its yield is more important. Excessive nitrogen or insufficient phosphorus and potassium will reduce production at late maturity and decrease fiber quality. Most of the cotton production in the main cotton producing area is 65-85 kg per mu. According to this production level, fertilization per mu is recommended: 1. Base fertilizer. Urea is about 4 kg, diammonium 10 to 15 kg, potassium chloride 7 to 12 kg, high-quality organic fertilizer 100 to 200 kg; 2. bud fertilizer. Urea is about 5 kg; 3. Flower bell fertilizer. Urea 10 to 15 kg. The soil is biased and topdressed once, concentrated in the flowering and boll period. The topping fertilizer is only used in the south, in the autumn high temperature late-onset area, the application of urea 3 to 5 kg per mu, to fight for autumn peach production. The yield of high fertilization takes the upper limit, and the yield is lower. Symptoms of common deficiency of NPK: deficiency of nitrogen, yellowing of old leaves, pale green of new leaves; lack of phosphorus, less tillering, easy falling and falling of fruit; lack of potassium, yellowish leaves and many pests and diseases. The symptoms of deficiency appear, so it is necessary to increase the fertilizer in time.
Cotton fertilization should be balanced to prevent madness and reduce ringing; to fight in time to top, increase effective peach; pay attention to the safe application of chlormequat. Cotton is prone to zinc deficiency and boron deficiency. It can mix 0.2% zinc sulphate and borax solution. It can be sprayed 2 to 3 times from the bud stage to the flowering and bolling stage, 7 to 10 days apart, and spray the wet leaves. Crops have roughly the same demand for nitrogen and potassium. In the north of the Yangtze River, the application rate of potassium fertilizer is much less than that of nitrogen fertilizer. Too much consumption of soil potassium resources to maintain demand will affect soil structure and fertilization. With the development of the national economy and everyone's understanding of the role of potassium fertilizer, the amount of potassium fertilizer will gradually increase.
Author: Lin Jixiong (Researcher, Department of Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
Most of the watermelon yield is 2 to 3 tons. According to this production level, the amount of fertilizer applied per mu is recommended: 1. Base fertilizer. Compound fertilizer (15-15-15) 35 ~ 45 kg (or 13 kg of urea, 40 ~ 60 kg of calcium, 8 ~ 13 kg of potassium chloride), high-quality organic fertilizer 100 ~ 200 kg, divided into 1 ~ 2 times; 2. Stimulate the vines (the vines are about 35 cm long). Urea 7 ~ 12 kg; 3. Fruit expansion period. Urea 10 ~ 15 kg, potassium chloride 5 ~ 10 kg, divided into 1 ~ 2 times. The yield of high fertilization takes the upper limit, and the yield is lower. Excessive nitrogen fertilizer is prone to rough vines, and it is difficult to remove the vines. The sweetness of watermelon is related to potassium fertilizer, rainwater and seeds. Rainwater will dilute sweetness, and seed inheritance is an internal cause, affecting longer. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers have more residual residues in the soil than nitrogen, and the buffering capacity is large. The effect of little application in one season is small or even not affected, but it must be supplemented in the next season.
Watermelon fertilization is carried out by applying, applying, ditching or drenching the water. The hole application or ditch application ditch between rows of planting or sowing, about 15 cm from the seedling. Fertilizer should be mixed evenly with the soil to avoid contact between the roots and the fertilizer, and burn the seedlings. NPK is easy to transfer in crops: Phosphate fertilizer is generally used as base fertilizer to promote early tillering and multi-tillering; nitrogen and potassium fertilizers are used as base fertilizer and top dressing to improve quality and prevent prosperous and reduce production. Watermelon is prone to calcium and boron deficiency. In the pumping or fruit setting period, 0.5% calcium nitrate solution, 0.2% boric acid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution are sprayed to prevent premature aging and improve quality.
Cotton has a reasonable fertilization cotton development through the seedling stage, bud stage, flowering and boll stage, boll opening stage, harvest period, and the whole growth period is about 165 days. Before flowering, the vegetative growth of rooting, long stem and increased leaves was the center; after initial flowering, the main growth was bud, flowering and bell growth. During the flowering period to the boll opening period, the demand for NPK reached the highest peak, accounting for more than 60% of the total, and it was necessary to re-fertilize, followed by the bud stage to the initial flowering stage. The main cotton producing areas are in North China, Central China and Xinjiang, most of which produce 65-85 kg of lint; Xinjiang is a high-yield area with an output of 100 kg per mu. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients is about 1:0.35:0.85.
Cotton is a cash crop and its yield is more important. Excessive nitrogen or insufficient phosphorus and potassium will reduce production at late maturity and decrease fiber quality. Most of the cotton production in the main cotton producing area is 65-85 kg per mu. According to this production level, fertilization per mu is recommended: 1. Base fertilizer. Urea is about 4 kg, diammonium 10 to 15 kg, potassium chloride 7 to 12 kg, high-quality organic fertilizer 100 to 200 kg; 2. bud fertilizer. Urea is about 5 kg; 3. Flower bell fertilizer. Urea 10 to 15 kg. The soil is biased and topdressed once, concentrated in the flowering and boll period. The topping fertilizer is only used in the south, in the autumn high temperature late-onset area, the application of urea 3 to 5 kg per mu, to fight for autumn peach production. The yield of high fertilization takes the upper limit, and the yield is lower. Symptoms of common deficiency of NPK: deficiency of nitrogen, yellowing of old leaves, pale green of new leaves; lack of phosphorus, less tillering, easy falling and falling of fruit; lack of potassium, yellowish leaves and many pests and diseases. The symptoms of deficiency appear, so it is necessary to increase the fertilizer in time.
Cotton fertilization should be balanced to prevent madness and reduce ringing; to fight in time to top, increase effective peach; pay attention to the safe application of chlormequat. Cotton is prone to zinc deficiency and boron deficiency. It can mix 0.2% zinc sulphate and borax solution. It can be sprayed 2 to 3 times from the bud stage to the flowering and bolling stage, 7 to 10 days apart, and spray the wet leaves. Crops have roughly the same demand for nitrogen and potassium. In the north of the Yangtze River, the application rate of potassium fertilizer is much less than that of nitrogen fertilizer. Too much consumption of soil potassium resources to maintain demand will affect soil structure and fertilization. With the development of the national economy and everyone's understanding of the role of potassium fertilizer, the amount of potassium fertilizer will gradually increase.
Author: Lin Jixiong (Researcher, Department of Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
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