According to statistical analysis, foliar spray fertilizer on crops is generally applied to moderately fertile soils, which can increase crop yield by 5%-10%, fruit trees by 5%-15%, and vegetables by 20%-30%. However, in some places, due to improper understanding or improper application, the effect of increasing production is not good, and even go into misunderstanding, it deserves attention.
When the leaf area of ​​the crop is as large as possible during any growth period of the crop, the leaf surface can be used to capture as much fertilizer as possible to achieve the best effect, otherwise a large amount of fertilizer If you don't touch the blade, you will never get the effect of foliar spray. Therefore, foliar spray fertilizer should generally be carried out in the middle and late stages of crop growth in order to receive the maximum benefit. For example, in the late stage of fruit tree growth, the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can increase the yield of fruit trees. For the later calcium-deficient fruit trees, it is advisable to spray 0.3% calcium nitrate solution 40 to 50 days before fruit harvesting, and spray 3-4 times at intervals of 1 week, which can effectively correct the beans caused by calcium deficiency in apples. Spot disease, improve fruit quality.
No matter what kind of fertilizer can be used for foliar spray application. Many farmers think that any fertilizer can be used for foliar spray fertilizer, but it is not. Some volatile fertilizers such as ammonia, ammonium bicarbonate, etc., will evaporate ammonia after spraying, causing smog damage to crops. The other type of fertilizer, such as potassium chloride, which is contraindicated for certain crops, should not be sprayed on tobacco and other chlorine-repellent crops.
Foliar spray at any time Some people think that spraying foliar fertilizer can be sprayed at any time, which is wrong. If there is water droplets or dew on the leaves after the rain or in the morning, it is not suitable to spray fertilizer, otherwise the concentration of the fertilizer will be reduced and the concentration requirement will not be reached. Crops are not suitable for spraying during flowering. For example, when rice, corn, wheat, rapeseed, soybeans and other crops are blooming, foliar spray fertilizer will affect their flowering, affecting pollen scatter and fertilization of pollen grains. Under the condition of strong light, the noodle fertilizer can not be sprayed on the sunny day at noon, because it can not maintain the long-term wet state after spraying, the absorption condition of the blade is poor, the utilization rate is greatly reduced, so the best choice for foliar spray fertilizer is no Cloudy or sunny days of the wind from 9 am to 10 am, after 4 pm spray. If it rains 3 hours after spraying, refill it once when it is sunny, but the concentration should be reduced appropriately.
The higher the concentration, the better. Some people think that the effect of increasing the concentration will be a little more obvious, which is not true. Foliar fertilization only plays a role in supplementation and regulation and cannot replace soil fertilization. It is necessary to strictly control the concentration of fertilization. In the range of suitable use, the concentration of general spraying should be low and not high. However, different crops have different fertility tolerances and different requirements; the types of fertilizers are different, and the concentration of spraying is also different. The concentration is too low to reach the effect of spraying fertilizer; if the concentration is too high, the leaves are often dehydrated and cause fat damage, which is one of the keys to the success of foliar spray fertilizer. For example, if urea is used as foliar fertilizer, the concentration is generally 0.5%-2%; superphosphate is 1%-5%; potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.2%-0.5%; boric acid is 0.1%-0.5%; ammonium molybdate is 0.02%-0.05%; zinc sulfate is 0.05%-0.2%. At the same time, it is necessary to grasp that the concentration of spraying at the seedling stage should be appropriately lower; the concentration of spraying in the middle and late growth stages can be appropriately higher; when the growth of the crop is normal, the concentration is lower, and when the fertilizer is deficient, the concentration should be appropriately higher; The concentration of micro-element fertilizer should be lower; the concentration of macro-element fertilizer should be higher; the concentration of dicotyledon should be lower; the concentration of monocot spray should be higher.
Random mixed application In the case of spray fertilizer, it is always thought that a variety of fertilizers can be mixed and sprayed, which can receive better results and save labor. In fact, not all fertilizers can be mixed and sprayed. The correct method is to carry out targeted fertilizer-fertilizer or fertilizer-drug blending, and it can receive the effect of “one spray, multiple effectsâ€. However, many micro-fertilizers cannot be mixed with pesticides. Acidic fertilizers cannot be mixed with alkaline fertilizers. Generally, for the sake of caution, a small amount of fertilizer and medicine can be mixed into the same vessel before mixing. After a certain period of time, if no When turbidity, precipitation, bubbling, etc. occur, it can be mixed. After mixing, attention should also be paid to the change of pH of the solution. Under normal circumstances, when the pH value is around 7, it is beneficial to the absorption of the leaves.
Increasing the number of sprays The common misconception is that the more times the foliar spray is applied, the better. Crops with short growth periods are generally sprayed 1-2 times; long-term growth can be sprayed 2-3 times. According to the situation of the seedlings, it is also possible to spray more than 1-2 times. Spray continuously in the same growth period, each time should be about 10 days. Spray the trace element fertilizer and spray it once. When the second time is needed, the interval will be longer. Excessive spraying of fertilizer will result in increased costs and wasted fertilizer.
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