Mountain architecture design is a comprehensive research topic, covering architecture, planning, geography, ecology, environmental science and engineering technology. It is dedicated to expanding in two directions: First, exploring mountain architecture research The macro principle is to establish a more reasonable and reliable concept of mountain construction; the second is to combine the predecessors' mountain construction practice, creatively summarize the characteristics and modes of mountain architecture, and put forward various principles that have guiding significance for architectural design practice.
1. The practical significance of mountain architecture
China is a large agricultural country with many mountains, many people and less cultivated land. To increase housing requires a large area of ​​land, and the development of agriculture also requires the area of ​​cultivated land. Therefore, "reasonably developing and utilizing land and protecting every inch of cultivated land" is our national policy. At the same time, the development of resources, tourism and the development of the real estate industry also requires mountain construction. To this end, the construction of mountain construction in China's construction industry will become an indispensable type of important project. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to explore mountain architecture design.
2, establish the correct concept of mountain architecture design
2.1 Maintaining the ecological balance of the mountain (ie ecological view)
Compared with the general construction environment, mountain buildings have great specialities in terms of geology, topography, landform, soil, vegetation and climate, and their ecological sensitivity is stronger, and their possibility of responding to changes in ecosystems. It is much larger than the flat environment. In the past, the urban planning theory and method layout structure model and economic indicator system in the plain area made it difficult for mountain construction to adapt to local conditions, adapting to the changes of mountainous ecological environment conditions, and often exhibiting “constructive destructionâ€â€”some Blindly pursuing the effect of flatness and openness, relying on modern machinery and equipment to flatten the entire hill, not only increase the cost, but also destroy the original landscape, and lose the special charm of the mountain architecture. In order to strive for land use, there are still buildings that do not hesitate to open trenches, change waterways, and destroy existing ecosystems. Therefore, in order to do a good job in mountain architecture design, it is necessary to change the original design concept, establish the concept of protecting the mountain ecosystem and maintaining the mountain ecological street, and “protect the vegetation, maintain the soil and water, and carefully move the soilâ€.
2.2 Combination of technology and art (ie, art concept)
The combination of mountain architecture technology and art is the professional pursuit of architects in mountain architecture design. For mountain buildings, on the one hand, due to the particularity of the terrain, its dependence on building technology is more obvious than that of flat buildings. For example, in the transportation organization of mountain buildings, in order to adapt to the fluctuations of mountainous terrain, people often need to adopt special traffic techniques (set up climbing or take bridges, tunnels, cable cars, inclined elevators, etc.), and these road systems are Traffic facilities are also an integral part of the building group, which constitutes the skeleton of the group space; on the other hand, due to the special terrain, the mountain surface becomes the background or component of the mountain building, and the quality of the mountain greening directly affects the mountain building. Landscape effect. In addition, many technical problems involved in mountain construction are far beyond the technical problems of general flat buildings. In the past architectural design, these problems were usually completed independently by the relevant professionals, and the architects care less, resulting in poor overall design. For example, the retaining wall is not only a concrete embodiment of the slope stability technology, but also a necessary component of the building facade, and can play the role of a space enclosure under certain circumstances. It is important for the facade shape and spatial form of the mountain building. The meaning requires the architect to participate in the early stage of design, so that the project can be integrated from the macro concept to the detailed art. It is more likely to explore various forms of landscape architecture in the mountains from many aspects. Of course, this also puts higher demands on the architects. It requires the architects to be familiar with various professional knowledge and integrate them into the technical concept of mountain architecture in architectural design. It is necessary to promote respect for building technology and to show mountain architecture. And its environment, the pursuit of art.
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