Transforming the way of economic development in a crisis

A situation The "world financial crisis" is a term that has a very high frequency of media this year. What is the "world financial crisis"? Its direct fuse is the subprime lending crisis that occurred in the United States in 2007, also known as the subprime mortgage crisis and the subprime crisis. Subprime mortgages are for customers with very low credit and low income. Many loans do not require any mortgage and income proof, and they can “buy a house without a home”. However, there will be no pies in the sky. Lenders are not philanthropists. They are not providing "economically affordable housing." This kind of mortgage must pay higher interest rates, and the interest rate of loans must also "follow the market". Lending institutions can improve efficiency. The so-called "good things for two-headed music", this design (thinking) is based on the low credit of the lender, once the lender is unable to pay the interest on time, the bad debts that constitute the lender are obviously risky.
At the end of the last century, the US economy boomed and implemented a loose monetary policy. In June 2001-2003, the Federal Reserve cut the federal lending rate 13 times in a row, from 6.5% to a historical low of 1%, and from June 6, 2003 to 2004. Maintaining more than a year on June 30, it is like “hormone” for the consumer market. Ultra-low interest rates have stimulated the US consumer market, real estate prices have been rising, and lending institutions have issued loans to low-credit customers. In order to hedge the risk, some institutions sell subprime mortgages to various funds in the form of securities. However, as the economy overheated, the Fed continued to raise the federal funds rate for 17 consecutive times, from 1% to 5.25%. Real estate prices fell, and it was difficult for buyers to sell their homes or mortgages. A large number of defaulters appeared and no longer paid loans. , causing bad debts. Since the second half of 2006, many subprime lenders have been bankrupt, resulting in the bankruptcy of many lending institutions, including the “New Century Financial Corporation”, the second largest subprime lender in the US. The hedge funds involved in the investment also suffered serious losses. The subprime mortgage crisis broke out in July, causing a sharp volatility in global stock markets. The subprime mortgage crisis, in the final analysis, is a real estate bubble. The more it blows, the more it bursts, and it is the source of the crisis.
The subprime mortgage crisis is nothing more than a low-credit, low-income real estate customer who, after buying a house, is unable to repay the mortgage loan. The real estate bubble burst is a partial and regional problem that will not impact the security of the world's finances. The problem is that many financial institutions in the United States have “innovated” a financial derivative, securitized residential mortgage loans, and shifted risks. Not only is it a transfer, but it is also trying to make excess profits. The loan of 1 yuan at first can be gradually enlarged to a few yuan, a dozen yuan, or even tens of dollars. In the past few years, the US housing market was hot, and even subprime mortgage securities were very popular. These financial institutions took the opportunity to sell financial derivatives to other industries' subordinated securities and even junk securities (packaged). Such a large number of financial defective products accumulated over the years, and even garbage, like the raging wave, flocked to the United States and the world financial market. The consequence is the outbreak of the world financial crisis.
Some economists say that the rule of financial innovation created by Wall Street (the disconnection between the virtual economy and the real economy, the serious imbalance) is: if it wins, the banker takes the astronomical bonus; if it loses, it is the taxpayer and the foreigner. "Buy the bill." Regardless of winning or losing, the huge debt currency and inflation created in financial innovation quietly divide the wealth created by the people of the world.
On September 15, 2008 (Black Monday), Lehman Brothers Holdings, the 158-year-old Wall Street's fourth largest investment bank, applied for protection, marking a further increase in the US subprime mortgage crisis. On the eve of the 15th, the former Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan said on September 14 that the United States is in the midst of a "one-hundred-year" financial crisis. In an interview with NBC, he said: This is the most serious financial crisis seen in his career and may continue for quite some time.
From 1987 to 2006, Greenspan was the chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, the most influential economic decision-making body in the United States. He was deified. In 2008, he was elected by the Xinhua News Agency. One of the top ten focus figures. Paul Krugman, the Nobel laureate in economics in 2008, who predicted that the real estate bubble would burst three years ago, believes that the world is in danger, those that have been invisible and intangible ( Economy) The devil has already come out, and the "culprit" who enchants into the room is Greenspan. Because he advocates a free economy, fully trusts Wall Street, strongly supports the development of financial derivatives, and even successfully convinces Congress to abolish the laws of the Great Depression. These laws separate commercial banks from investment banks to reduce the risk of the financial system.
The storm has raged and spread rapidly. It has been transmitted from developed countries to emerging market countries and developing countries. The impact is strong and the degree of influence is much deeper than the depression in the 1930s.
What is the impact of the world financial crisis on China? In the Dalian Summer “Davos” annual meeting in September this year, Premier Wen Jiabao’s speech said, “The impact of this rare international financial crisis on the Chinese economy is enormous.”
Below, some of the charts attempted specifically show and illustrate China's development in this environment. Abrasives, especially coated abrasives, are in this crisis, and they are difficult to get out of, their development and problems.
Figure 1 shows the growth figures of China's gross domestic product (GDP) from 2004 to 2008. Since 2004-2007, the value-added has been above 10%, increasing year by year. By 2007, it has increased sharply to 13.0% (30 trillion yuan), and the total amount is the third in the world. In 2008, it fell by 4 percentage points from 2007, including factors affected by the global financial crisis. However, the rapid growth of several years has accumulated a lot of contradictions and problems, the resources are seriously consumed, the environmental pollution is aggravated, and the imbalance of economic structure does not allow this high-speed growth to continue.

Figures 2 and 3 are published by the World Bank. Figure 2 shows the global GDP growth forecast for 2008-2009 under the impact of the global financial crisis. Obviously, in the 4% high in 2006, it was frustrated in 2007, falling to 2% in 2008 and below 1% in 2009, and the world economy is declining. Figure 3 shows the forecast of economic growth rates for the emerging economies of developed countries and regions (US, EU, Japan) and BRIC countries (China, Russia, India, Brazil) for 2009-2010. From the picture, the United States, the European Union, and Japan all experienced negative growth in 2009 and began to recover in 2010. Among the BRIC countries, China has the highest growth rate of 8%; India is slightly lower, 6-8%; Russia and Brazil are above 2% in 2009 and above 4% in 2010. The forecast is not equal to the real result of practice, but it shows that the economic emerging body is less affected by the crisis and has less involvement. It is expected to stabilize and recover quickly. According to the statistics of the International Monetary Fund, the average economic growth rate of the four countries in 2006-2008 is 10.7%, the total land area of ​​the four countries accounts for 26% of the total area of ​​the world's territory, and the total population accounts for 42% of the global population. They are all G20 (20 countries). Members of the group) have an increasing international influence. A report issued by the Goldman Sachs Group claims that the BRIC countries are changing the world.

China has faced a global financial crisis and adopted decisive measures. The macroeconomic regulation and control implemented a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately loose monetary policy, and quickly launched a 4 trillion yuan stimulus package to promote growth and expand domestic demand. After the adjustment of the structure, the task of "benefiting people's livelihood and ensuring stability" was added.
To maintain growth, the indicator of 8% economic growth is the bottom line. This is also the requirement for job-retention, and the reality of “protecting people’s livelihood”. Maintaining growth is not the same as maintaining GDP growth, but it is combined with restructuring and upper levels. To achieve sustainable development, China's economy must adjust its structure and promote the transformation of its development mode. According to the World Bank, after 2020, China will pay only 390 billion US dollars for the disease caused by burning coal, accounting for 13% of GDP. (Note: China's raw coal production in 2008 was 2.793 billion tons, an increase of 4.1% over the previous year. ). Some people describe it like this, and as it develops, it is ultimately life-giving and not enjoying it. This way of development is not sustainable.
Figure 4 is the curve of China's GDP in the first two quarters of 2008-2009. It is obvious that the year-on-year decline in 2008 dropped from 10.8% to 6.8%. The largest decline was from the third quarter to the fourth quarter, down by 2.2% to 2009. At the beginning of the year, it continued to decline, and it stabilized to 7.9% in the second quarter. ("Stabilization" is a Cantonese dialect, it is stable)

Figure 5 shows the change in industrial growth from October 2008 to June 2009. It has fallen from October last year to the worst of January-February this year. It rose to 10.7% in March and is already a recovery.
According to the analysis of the National Bureau of Statistics, from the perspective of investment, consumption and exports of the “troika”, the GDP growth rate in the first half of 2009 was 7.1%, and the main contribution rate was investment. The new credit in the first half of the year was as high as 7.37 trillion yuan. It is called “Paradise Credit”, which is more than any amount in history. The investment contribution rate is 6.2%, the consumption contribution rate is 3.8%, and the export is still underpowered, and the contribution rate is -2.9%.
Under the circumstance of the global financial crisis, China’s economy has taken the lead in stabilizing and recovering. Not only has China crossed a difficult step, but with a good start, other countries around the world have also seen hope and enhanced confidence in overcoming difficulties.
Of course, we must also see that a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately loose monetary policy will continue, but such a high investment will not be sustainable, and the shrinking of external demand will recover from a pre-crisis situation within a certain period of time. The growth of industry is important to adjust the structure. We must have a clear understanding of this.
Minister of Industry and Information Li Yizhong said at the press conference of the State Council Information Office on August 13: "In terms of maintaining growth and adjusting structure, it is more important for industries in the second half of the year to adjust their structure and transform their economic growth mode." The adjustment of the field institutions, the first is the adjustment of the industry structure, including increasing the concentration of the industry, eliminating backward production capacity, promoting the industrial accumulation and industrial transfer of small and medium-sized enterprises; second, the adjustment of enterprises, including the adjustment of the organization and ownership structure of enterprises, and the inter-enterprise Merger and reorganization, and internal resource integration, etc.; Third, product structure adjustment focusing on product quality.

Second, interpreting the yearbook In the second half of 2008, the world financial turmoil gradually spread to the whole world, and it is difficult for anyone to protect themselves from the scourge. China's abrasives industry is also highly dependent on the outward direction, and the impact is also worthy of attention from industry colleagues.
From the import and export statistics of the 2008 industry yearbook customs, Table 1 is the part of ordinary abrasives and ordinary grinding wheels.
Corundum fell by 2.8% in 2007 at a high of 840,000 tons, but it is still at a high level of more than 820,000 tons. Due to the high export price per unit, export foreign exchange increased sharply from US$320 million to US$500 million, a record high. The volume of imports fell by about 20%, and the value of imports fell by about 3%, which is about $1.5 million less than in 2007. Exports of silicon carbide decreased by about 5%, still at a high level of 230,000 tons. However, the average unit price of exports soared by 71%, and the value of exports rose by 67%, from $210 million to $350 million. These illustrate the scarce resources of high energy consumption in the world market - ordinary abrasives are still fragrant, and the response is slow in the crisis. This year, the amount of ordinary abrasive exports still reached a new high, reaching 850 million US dollars.
The export volume of ordinary grinding wheels is still climbing, with an increase of 4.8%, reaching 50,000 tons, equivalent to the annual production of Japan. The export price increased by 28% due to the average unit price, the amount increased by 34%, broke through 100 million US dollars, reached 110 million US dollars, the import volume also increased slightly by about 3%, the average unit price was about 11,000 US dollars / ton, the average price ratio of imports and exports At 5:1, the gap is shown in terms of quality and variety.

*Source Customs Statistics China's coated abrasive industry under the impact of the global financial crisis in the second half of 2008, the impact on imports and exports are shown in Tables 2 and 3.
Table 2 shows the distribution of China's coated abrasives import and export areas in 2007 and 2008. Although there are slight changes in the countries and regions of import and export, there has been no major change before and after the crisis, and the total export volume has increased by 5 Only one-digit changes.

Table 3 compares the import and export of China's coated abrasives in 2008 and 2007.
In terms of exports: in 2008, the products based on cloth and paper continued to grow compared with the previous year, with an increase of 15.3% and 9.3%. The average unit price increased by 12.3% and 24.9% respectively, which was related to the increase in the price of ordinary abrasives. Therefore, the export value also increased, increasing by 29.4% and 36.5% respectively, and the growth was quite high. For other substrates, the average unit price increased by 46.9%, almost 50%. Therefore, when the export volume dropped by 17.5%, the export value still rose by 21.1%. The total amount of cloth, paper and other substrate products reached a record high, reaching a record high of $117.771 million, breaking through $100 million and not seeing the interference and impact of the crisis.
In terms of imports, the number of coated abrasives imported in 2008 compared with the previous year, the fabric and paper substrate products were reduced to varying degrees, with a decrease of 8.7% and 3.9% respectively. The import of other substrates increased by 113 tons due to the low base. , with a 6.9% increase. The import amount of abrasive cloth decreased slightly, with a decrease of 2.4%, and the growth of paper and other substrates was 5.8% and 28.3%, respectively. The average unit price of cloth, paper and other substrate products increased by 6.9%, 10.1% and 20.1%, respectively. The characteristics of this year are: the increase in imports is generally lower than the increase in exports of similar products.
Tables 4 and 5 are the distribution of the quantity and amount of imports and exports of China's coated abrasives on all continents in 2008 and the share of the total. Asia's import and export accounted for the first place, with an export volume of 19,000 tons, an amount of nearly 60 million US dollars, and an import of 9000 tons, amounting to 8.6 million US dollars, accounting for more than half of the total. Europe ranks second, with exports of nearly 10,000 tons, an amount of 270 million yuan, and imports of nearly 4,000 tons, amounting to nearly 370 million yuan, accounting for about 1/4 of the total. The Americas (mainly the United States) exports nearly 4,000 tons, the amount is nearly 20 million yuan, the import is nearly 1.6 kilotons, the amount is 2.5 million US dollars, the import and export volume accounts for nearly 11%, and the import and export amount accounts for 16- of the total amount. 17%. The export to Africa is nearly 4,000 tons, with an amount of nearly 10 million US dollars. Oceania exports are not much, only 300 tons, but the price is not thin, the average unit price is 8600 US dollars / ton (may be a small amount, there is no competition with the domestic). Imports in Africa and Oceania are negligible.

Table 6 is the main import and export country of China's coated abrasives in 2008, which are dominant in both quantity and amount.
In terms of exports: in Asia, Vietnam, Indonesia and South Korea occupy the top three. The import volume of sandpaper and sandpaper in Vietnam is 2,725 tons and 1,518 tons, respectively, totaling more than 4,200 tons (Vietnam is also China's largest exporter of coated abrasives in 2007, totaling more than 3,800 tons). The import volume of Indonesian abrasive cloth and sandpaper is 1,525 tons and 728 tons respectively, totaling more than 2,200 tons (more than 2,200 tons in 2007). Vietnam and Indonesia represent the demand for coated abrasives before the economic take-off of developing countries. In ASEAN in 2008, such as Bangladesh imported nearly 1400 tons (1000 tons in 2007), Thailand imported nearly 900 tons (1000 tons in 2007), Malaysia imported more than 500 tons (480 tons in 2007), are larger customers. In Africa, Egypt is the only major importer of abrasive cloth and sandpaper. In 2008, it was nearly 2,000 tons (1300 tons in 2007), accounting for about 1/2 of total African imports. In Europe, the demand for abrasive cloth and sandpaper in developed countries such as Germany, Britain and France is above 1,000 tons per year. The demand for sandpaper is higher than that of sand cloth. Germany can be used as a representative. See Table 6. The input of English and French in 2008 is 1,100 tons and 800 tons (in 2007, the input of Germany, Britain and France were 1,100 tons, 1,300 tons and nearly 900 tons respectively). With the disintegration of the Soviet Union and the establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States, Russia, Ukraine and Eastern European countries began to become exporters of coated abrasives in China. Russia, Ukraine and Latvia are among the top three, with 650 tons, 590 tons and 450 tons respectively (in 2007, 480 tons, 330 tons and 410 tons respectively). In the Americas, the United States is the main importing country. In 2008, nearly 10,000 tons of sandpaper and 706 tons of sandpaper, totaling nearly 1,700 tons, only slightly increased in 2007. This was followed by Canada and Mexico, with a total of 770 tons imported from Canada (340 tons in 2007) and 280 tons in Mexico (155 tons in 2007).

In terms of imports: the sources of supply mainly come from the developed countries such as the United States, Japan, Germany, Switzerland, and South Korea (one of the major countries that import coated abrasive manufacturing equipment in China), as shown in Table 6. The average price of fabrics and paper-based products imported from the United States is the highest, with fabrics of $17,500/tonne and papers of $34,000/ton. The average import prices of fabric substrates in Japan, Germany, and Switzerland are all above $10,000. Japan, Germany's paper is slightly higher than cloth, Switzerland's cloth is higher than paper, South Korea's quantity and amount are the highest among all countries, but the average price is the lowest, cloth-based products are nearly $6,600/ton, and paper-based products are $6,000. /Ton. The average import price of other substrate products is more than 10,000 US dollars / ton, of which Japan's highest, 67,000 US dollars / ton. The amount and amount of imports from these five countries are more than 80% of the total amount and amount of imports of such products, and paper-based products account for about 64% (if Canada is added, it will account for 75%). The average price imported from Canada is US$7,800/ton, which is higher than South Korea's US$1,200/ton. The amount of other substrate products accounts for nearly 60%, accounting for nearly 82%.
In 2001, China had two major events in the annals of history. First, Beijing successfully bid for the Olympics. We won, the world chose us, and the whole country was happy. After seven years of active preparation. At the beginning of 2008, China suffered from the southern wind and snow disaster, followed by the 5.12 Sichuan Wenchuan Earthquake, with 8 levels of intensity, but the Chinese people are strong. At 8 o'clock on the evening of August 8, 2008, the world's 4 billion pairs of eyes gaze at the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games in Beijing's "Bird's Nest". Since then, "I am with you, heart to heart, living in the global village..." sing all over the world, IOC President Rogge praised the four words "unparalleled", that is: very perfect, not comparable to it .

Another big thing is that the World Trade Headquarters passed China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) and became the 143th member. The trade volume between WTO members accounts for more than 95% of the world's total, and China will truly enter the globalization of the economy. On the eve of entering the WTO, companies have said that it is no longer a lie to the wolf, and dancing with wolves has become an inevitable reality. At that time, Haier CEO Zhang Ruimin said: "When you dance with wolves, you must first become a wolf. If it is a sheep, you will be eaten." After seven years, until 2008, China's coated abrasives enterprises and wolves What is the record of the dance? The numbers in Table 7 indicate their results.
In the past seven years, the export volume has increased year by year. In 2004, it exceeded 20,000 tons. In 2006, it exceeded 30,000 tons, and by 2008 it reached 37,000 tons. Imports increased to 17,981 tons from 2001 to 2004, and then decreased year by year to 14,756 tons in 2008. During the period 2001-2004, the export growth rate was 17.9%, the import growth rate was 13.9%, and the export was 4% faster than the import; during 2004-2006, the export growth rate increased to 22.3%, while the import began to shrink, with an average decrease of 4.8%; During 2008, the average export growth rate was 9.8%, and the export momentum weakened. The average import decline remained at 4.8%.
It can be seen from Table 7 that the import and export volume of coated abrasives in 2001 was roughly equal, both at 12,000 tons. By 2008, the export volume would increase by three times and the import volume would increase by 1.21 times. The trade deficit was nearly $360 million in 2001. After several years of ups and downs, it fell to $31 million in 2008, a difference of about $5 million. At present, the country's foreign exchange reserves are sufficient, and the reserves are the highest in the world. There is a certain deficit that is not a problem. The key is: the annual deficit, what have we observed from trade? What have you learned? This is worth pondering.


*Note: There is a company with more than 100 million yuan of bonded abrasives and coated abrasives, which are not listed in the table. There are 34 enterprises in the abrasives industry with an output value exceeding 100 million yuan.
Table 8 shows the number of enterprises with an output value exceeding 100 million yuan in the abrasives industry. It is clear from the table that the comparison between coated abrasives and bonded abrasives clearly shows that the coated abrasives have an advantage in terms of the size and concentration of the enterprise. The characteristics of coated abrasives are firstly flexible, wide application fields, low processing temperature, high efficiency, high precision with the support of professional equipment, and the application of CNC intelligent European and American coated abrasives. The fixed abrasives are high, and today they are also seen in China.
The latest information "China Coated Abrasives" was included in the fourth issue of 2009: the first half of 2009 and the first half of 2008 (years of 10,000 square meters) increased by 9.35%, and the sales revenue (10,000 yuan) decreased by 5.11%. One reduction. The total profit increased by 2.89%, but it was not affected. On the contrary, it increased slightly. The total industrial output value (current price, 10,000 yuan) -2.65%, and the export delivery value (ten thousand yuan) - 4.61%. Under the impact of the global financial crisis, production still increased, profits remained unchanged, and export delivery value decreased. The National Bureau of Statistics reported that China’s total import and export volume fell by 24.9% in the first quarter of 2009 and decreased by 22.1 in the second quarter. %, both are double digits, indicating that under the impact of the big environment, China's coated abrasive industry also has a certain impact resistance.

Three meditations From the above eight tables from the 2009 China Abrasives Industry Yearbook data, you can get the following two points:
1. Since the reform and opening up, China's coated abrasives have been integrated into economic globalization. The products are spread over the world's developed countries, emerging economies and developing countries. There are more than 140 products. The product is very attractive. In the world financial crisis, it was not affected much.
2. In the product chain of coated abrasives in the world, China's products are at the lower end, the advantage lies in low cost, the products are cheap and good, and many countries are favored in different stages of economic development. Our low cost is due to the low price of resource-based products, which are not included in the cost of environmental protection, such as dust control and waste gas pollution; we do not consider the necessary inputs for sustainable development, such as test funding. Second, the labor force is cheap. Manpower is also a resource. At present, the wages of workers are low. From the hourly wage level between China and developed countries, “we are less than 1 US dollar, and developed countries in Europe and America are generally 25-30 US dollars” (researchers of the National Development and Reform Commission Macro Research Institute often The article on Xiu Ze is contained in the People’s Daily. Such low wages are difficult to simulate in many countries and many developing countries, presenting our comparative advantages.
In the long run, it is unsustainable to support export growth at low cost and low price. China cannot remain in the low-end position for a long time in the international industrial division of labor. We must see that the high cost era has come to us and has challenges. Sex.
The country's work policy this year is to "guarantee growth and adjust structure." To adjust the structure, for us, it is necessary to upgrade the enterprise, upgrade the level, adjust the product structure, and make technological progress. We still have to see the world financial crisis as having an impact on us. This kind of impact is a kind of pressure. The middle and low-end products should also be high-tech, and we must make high-tech achievements promote our industry to “face”.
Here, listen to the warnings of Chinese industrial leaders:
In September of this year, the top 500 Chinese enterprises were introduced, and their operating income increased by 19.7%. The performance indicators such as income and profit margin exceeded the world and the top 500 in the United States for the first time. This incident seems to arouse everyone's pride, but Li Rongrong, director of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, said, "Objectively, the top 500s evaluated today are actually 500. Enterprises must not only be bigger, but also stronger. Strong but not big, no Sufficient influence, but not ambiguous. Big but not strong, sooner or later, and may be even bigger.” There are leaders who said: “The financial crisis may pass in a year or two, but we have overcapacity. I am afraid that it will not end in three or five years. Enterprises must march into the high-end field and rely on quality rather than price to win."
This year, Ai Feng, chairman of the Brand China Industry Alliance, published a short article in the People’s Daily. He first said: "This world financial crisis has greatly increased the image of China's national brand. The GDP of many countries is declining, while China's GDP is still growing rapidly. The world cannot be ignored, and he cannot help but admire him." Further said: "The most important thing is that the financial crisis has broken the inertia of China's 'two outside' development model with external forces." The so-called "two outsides" model is a model that focuses on extensional development and extroversion. This model can be described as: consumption of more and more energy and resources, resulting in more and more serious environmental pollution; the prices of imported resources and energy are getting higher and higher, and more and more products are being sold abroad. The price of the foreign exchange is getting lower and lower; in exchange for foreign exchange, under the intervention of some developed countries, it is impossible to buy back the equity of the company with the resources, or to buy back the assets of the excellent foreign company, and only to deposit the US dollar in foreign banks and purchase the United States. National debt (Note: Xinhua News Agency, 2009.7.11, China holds US$801.5 billion in total US Treasury bonds), low interest rate and high risk; foreign companies use their investment (should be considered to include the money we have deposited with them) to China. Invest, and earn more than ten times higher than our interest. That is to say, the poor save money for the rich, the poor pay for the rich, and the rich use the money of the poor to invest in the poor and make more money. The formation of the "two outsides" model has its historical reasons. It has also played a very positive role in a certain period of time, but today, the situation has undergone tremendous changes! It should be time to reflect on this model!
The "two outsides" model is popular in the United States. (China's ordinary abrasives were exported to the United States in 2008, with 284,000 tons of ordinary abrasives: 189,926 tons of corundum, 93,350 tons of silicon carbide, 698 tons of boron carbide, nearly 7,600 tons of fixed abrasives: 7,235 tons of grinding wheels, 328 tons of grinding stones, coated With more than 2 thousand tons of abrasives)
Xinhua News Agency Center for World Issues Qian Wenrong wrote: Neil Ferguson, a professor of economic history at Harvard University, first proposed the concept of "Central America" ​​in 2007. In December 2008, he further published the title ""China" is not two "Country, but a country" article, that the concept of "China and the United States" refers to the largest consumer country - the United States and the largest savings country - China constitutes a community of interests, like a family, "men make money, women spend Like money, "man" is China, and "woman" is the United States. He said that some economists believe that the current crisis is due to excessive capital flows and fears that China's rise will lead to global imbalances. In fact, don't worry, because the United States and China are not two countries, but one country. This is "China and the United States." . He further explained that the relationship between them is not unbalanced, but more of a symbiotic relationship. That is, the "Chinese-American" savings in the East, the "Chinese-Americans" in the West, the "Chinese-Americans" in the East, the "Chinese-Americans" in the West, and the "Chinese-Americans" in the East. Western "Chinese Americans" import products; Eastern "Chinese Americans" accumulate foreign exchange reserves, Western "Chinese Americans" are happy to live a deficit, and print the US dollar bonds that the "Chinese Americans" in the East desire. Ferguson was so full of ignorance that he was trying to turn China into a vassal of the United States. Ferguson's words are extremely explicit and outrageous. Can we not worry about our "two outsides" mode, but listen to their growth without braking? !
Upgrading and adjusting the structure does not mean that the country no longer needs low-tech, labor-intensive products. The market demand is originally diverse, multi-level, with high-end demand and low-end demand. We are a big country with a population of 1.3 billion. Stabilizing employment is an important goal, and it depends on the development of labor-intensive industries. But we don't need excess economy, backward production capacity, no need for excessive competition in the industry to compete for price cuts, no need to engage in repeated construction of backward production capacity, and unlimited development of low-end demand products. Capable companies should focus on high-end, imported alternatives (currently, the import of coated abrasives has been decreasing by 800 tons per year since 2003, but has not curbed the increase in import value). In close cooperation with domestic abrasive belt grinding development applications and belt grinding machine manufacturers.
To advance the enterprise, we must rely on two wheels, one is technology and the other is management. Looking at the practice of many Chinese enterprises, it is a common law that “technology drives the market and management creates advantages”. Enterprises must be invincible in the face of the crisis, so as to create new competitive advantages, we must accelerate technological transformation and strengthen enterprise management.
In China's superhard materials industry, there is a Taiwanese expert, Dr. Song Jianmin, who is known by many people. He has many books. In one of them, he wrote a paragraph: "Commodity is "me-too" Alternate goods, 'I am the same', the product must be cheap and fast delivery, otherwise the customer will not choose. Due to fierce competition, the 'I am the same' product's gross profit is very low, and often replaced. The unique product (specialty) is 'me-only' high-value products, its competitiveness is based on performance, brand, intellectual rights. Me-too meaning is the same, repeat, no difference; me-only meaning is different, only me One family stands out from the crowd, that is, it is differentiated.” There are 9.28 million registered enterprises in China, and only three-tenths of the enterprises with independent intellectual property core technologies have never applied for patents. Too poor, how is the coated abrasive industry doing in this regard? There are statistics every year in the industry yearbook, which may be incomplete, and there are only a handful of them. Enterprises must be on the level, starting with solid products. And technological advancement is to promote product upgrades and enterprise upgrades.
In fact, the enterprise upgrade is not caused by the thinking of the world financial crisis. The economist Zhong Guoxing once wrote a book, "Upgrade to Survive." The central meaning is "In the ever-changing era, the most fierce competition of enterprises is the escalation battle. , no upgrade is death."
Abrasives (including superhard materials) are irreplaceable tools for grinding, polishing and grinding. It is significantly different from the certain geometry and regularity of the tool, unless it is basically fixed due to the wear of the tool. The abrasive tools are disorderly arranged in the abrasive grains, and the distribution is extremely random, and the processing effect has extremely high precision and extremely low roughness. Therefore, grinding is called black art, black is like a black box operation, and the effect is equivalent to the creation of art. It is to use heart and wisdom to participate. When some people say that entering abrasive abrasives is a low threshold, I am extremely disgusted. He is not understanding of our industry and is a kind of trampling on our industry.
At the 5th China International Machine Tool Show in 1997, at the Hermes (Germany Hermes Abrasives) booth, I had an unforgettable conversation with my employees. He will speak a little Chinese and the conversation will be smooth. I asked him: "Why are your products so expensive?" His reply is: "We are talking about the price/performance ratio (simply said that the goods are worth the money, one point for the price), we can make the customer's contribution accordingly. The return, their contribution is worthwhile." "We are not afraid of competition in China." This passage has been hovering in my mind, impressive.
Shen Hong (an old revolutionary, red expert), a deputy minister of the Ministry of Machinery, recommended that we read the quality master JM Julan's book on quality control. Juran uses the term "fitness for use" to clarify the full meaning of "quality" in a high-level way. He pointed out that "in the quality function, none of the concepts can be far more profound and more important than the 'applicability'." The ISO9000 family (system) (2000 edition) asked in the introduction: quality is what? It is believed that "applicability" will still cause confusion and misunderstanding of understanding, and further "higher" expression of "quality", that is, "achieve continuous customer satisfaction." The improvement and improvement of applicability (quality) always pushes the quality to have a spiral rise process. Feedback from customers, the use of new ideas in the experience, to ensure the continued satisfaction of customers, will always promote this spiral rise, quality improvement is a cycle, product upgrades will not be suspended.
Finally, talk about enterprise management, enterprise management is a big topic, I know very little, but in the study, I deeply feel its importance, "the ultimate competition of enterprises is still management." Cars made in China, despite their low labor costs, are more expensive than Detroit (American Motor City) (inefficient and non-lean production in the business sector). Enterprise management expert JPWomack Womack publicly emphasized in a Beijing forum that Chinese companies should keep in mind: "No country can establish a long-term absolute advantage in global competition based on low wages, but it can be achieved through lean production and lean concepts. Maintain the advantage."
In September this year, I saw an article in the newspaper "Recalling the German expert Wilhelm Grisch". In 1984, Grisch was a retired US federal retired expert and a former technical consultant at the Wuhan Diesel Engine Factory. He first entered the factory and tested some parts and finished diesel engines in the workshop. The bad situation surprised him. When he took over the post of director, he said: I hope that everyone will use him as a companion, without increasing investment, using existing equipment, using modern management methods, making full use of 8 hours to produce high-quality, long-life diesel engines. For two years, Grisch contributed all his knowledge, experience and energy to the Wuhan Diesel Engine Factory.通过改革，将一个管理混乱、纪律松懈、质量低劣、浪费严重的国有企业，治理得面貌一新，产品质量迅速提高，不仅占居国内领先水平，而且产品畅销东南亚7个国家。 1986年11月根据协议他到职卸任。为了纪念他，在他逝世两周年纪念日，在武汉汉正街都市工业区内，他的一座半身铜像举行了揭幕仪式。
我翻开1985年的笔记，有他的一句话：“中国要加强整个民族的质量意识。”旁边有一段小字：邓小平：“质量从一个侧面反映了一个民族的素质。”这是企业管理中的一个大问题。
我的话完了，不系统，在“转危为机”中抛砖引玉，望大家批评。谢谢！

 

Store Heatmap Analytics

Store Heatmap Analytics,Dwell-Time Analytics For Drugstore,Dwell-Time Analytics For Shopping Mall,Dwell-Time Analytics For Public Space

OP Retail , https://www.opretailtech.com