Turquoise physical properties:
Form: triclinic, cryptocrystalline, rare microcrystals, can only be seen under the microscope.
Fracture: shell-like to granular (related to the degree of pore system).
Hardness: The compactness of the block is 5-6, and the Mohs hardness is small.
Toughness: The white scorpion has small toughness and is easy to break, and the dense one has good toughness.
Streak: white or green.
Relative density: 2.4~1.9, the standard value is avoided. 76
Transparency: Usually opaque.
Gloss: The polished surface is greased glass and the grease is dull on the fracture.
Inclusions: often have black spots or black linear brown or other iron oxide wraps.
Refractive index: N8 = 1.65, NM = 1.62, NP = 1.61. Since turquoise is often a green aggregate, there is only one reading on the gem refractometer, with an average of about 1.62.
Birefringence: crystal birefringence (DR) is strong, DR=0.040. However, it is not shown in the gemological test.
Optical characteristics: crystal biaxial crystal positive light, 2Y=40. Gemological test data cannot be provided because turquoise is usually opaque.
Color: sky blue, very characteristic, so that it becomes a standard color - turquoise. The rest are dark blue, light blue, lake blue, blue green, apple green, yellow green, light yellow, light gray. Copper causes blue, iron can replace part of the aluminum in the chemical composition, making the turquoise green, and the water content also affects the blue hue.
Absorption spectrum: Under strong reflected light, two medium to weak blue regions of 432 nm and 420 nm absorption bands are occasionally seen, and sometimes ambiguous absorption bands are visible at 460 nm.
Luminescence: Fluorescence of yellowish green to blue under long ultraviolet light, short-wave fluorescence is not obvious. There was no obvious luminescence under X-ray irradiation.
Thermal properties: When exposed to heat, it usually bursts into pieces, turns brown, and appears green under flame.
Acid: It dissolves very slowly in hydrochloric acid.
Hexagon nuts (also known as finished hexagon nuts) are available in ASTM A563-A and are compatible with mild steel Bolts, such as ASTM A307, ASTM F1554 Grade 36, SAE Grade 2 and AASHTO M183. SAE Grade 5 and Grade 8 nuts are also available in finished style. Since hot-dip galvanizing usually increases the thickness of the threaded part of the fastener by 2.2 to 5 mils, the thread size of the galvanized hexagon nut is too large to compensate for the anti-corrosion coating on the bolt.
Chinese hex nut manufacturer Hongchuang Hardware provides hex nuts of various materials, such as carbon steel, stainless steel, alloy steel, titanium, etc.
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Taizhou Hongchuang Hardware Co., Ltd. , https://www.taizhouhongchuang.com