In recent years, with the growth of market demand, the continuous upgrading of technology, and the continuous rise in the price of sex, various types of drones have gradually become “popularized†and flooded the vast sky. Among them, the police drones that assist in various types of police work are among the fastest growing segments. 
At present, there are widespread problems of road congestion and poor traffic management in large and medium-sized cities in China. UAVs participating in urban traffic management can exert their own expertise and advantages, and help public security city ​​traffic management departments to jointly solve traffic ills in large and medium-sized cities. Macroscopically ensure the implementation of urban transportation development planning, and can carry out live monitoring and regulation of traffic flow from the micro level, construct a three-dimensional exchange of water, land and air, achieve regional control, ensure smooth traffic, respond to sudden traffic incidents, and implement emergency rescue.
November 23, sponsored by the China Association of Traffic Safety Intelligent Transportation special committee, Ministry of Public Security Traffic Management Research Institute 2017 'Twelfth China Intelligent Transport Annual Meeting Road Traffic Safety Technology Forum held in Changshu City, Jiangsu Province. At the meeting, Anhui Branch of Information Industry Co., Ltd. The total project period of division even fly on drone carried out extensive exchanges with foreign experts and scholars in the direction of the main application, technology research and other areas of road safety. The following is the key content of Duan Lianfei's speech, which has not been verified by me.
A drone is an aircraft that is not in the aircraft without a driver or "driving" (control), referred to as a drone. How to combine drone technology with road traffic safety technology to achieve technology integration, thereby further improving road traffic safety management.
The following are discussed from the UAV system, the application direction of the UAV in road traffic safety, and the technical problems that need to be solved for the application.
Unmanned aerial vehicle system
A typical drone system consists primarily of an aircraft, one or more ground control stations (GCS), mission loads, and a data link. In this system, the aircraft as a platform is only a platform for performing tasks, and the ground control station, task load and data link are the main components that can complete the work. In the transportation industry, we can easily focus the drone system on On the aircraft, the GCS, mission load and data link are ignored. The effective completion of the work is often closely related to the task load, for example, through the visible light turntable task load, the effective acquisition of the road condition from the air can be realized, and the tracking and event intelligent detection of the key vehicles can be realized.
Then you may ask, what kind of drone is chosen, which is suitable for use in road traffic safety. Then we need to understand the classification of the drone system. UAVs can be divided into large, medium, small and micro drones according to their size. Large UAVs, such as the Global Hawk UAV, can reach a distance of 22,224 km. Medium-sized UAVs, such as searcher drones, function. The distance can be up to 220 km. UAVs can be divided into short-range, short-range, medium-range and long-haul drones according to the radius of activity or flight time. According to the flight mode, the drone can be divided into fixed wing, rotor, and flapping wing drone. Most of the UAVs currently used in transportation belong to small and short-range rotary-wing UAVs. These UAVs have shortcomings such as short flight distance and short flight time. If you want to make full use of UAVs in transportation, Consider the combined use of fixed-wing and rotary-wing UAVs, and complement each other.
Two UAVs apply direction in road traffic safety
The application of drones in road traffic safety can be considered from the following four aspects: road traffic safety inspection, road traffic incident detection, traffic diversion and accident emergency rescue to evaluate road traffic safety status.
1. Road traffic safety inspection
According to different application scenarios, UAVs can carry out road traffic safety inspections in three ways: fixed route survey, key area detailed investigation, and emergency network survey. For routine traffic safety inspections, census work can be carried out according to pre-planned routes; for special holidays and special road sections, the route planning and task load can be effectively combined to carry out detailed investigation work; in emergency situations, Adopt unmanned aerial vehicle network technology to realize the investigation of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles.
2. Road traffic incident detection
Vehicle scraping, special vehicle spills, vehicle overspeed, illegal use of emergency lanes, etc. are all hidden dangers of road traffic safety. Utilizing the advantages of drone aerial view and intelligent detection, fast event detection can be realized, thereby improving road traffic safety. Incident response capability.
3. Traffic guidance and emergency rescue
In terms of traffic diversion and emergency rescue, it is an excellent means to doubt the drone, and it has the advantages of fast response and flexible application. For example: through the installation of sound amplification equipment to achieve air call, to achieve remote traffic guidance. In the event of an accidental communication interruption, the drone can play the role of communication relay and construct a communication relay network based on air-ground integration. In terms of rescue organizations, drones can be used for first-line command and material delivery.
In addition, in the aspect of road traffic safety status evaluation, based on the traditional evaluation, the UAV is used as the means and relevant data as the evaluation parameters to better realize the state evaluation.
Three technical issues that need to be solved by the application
In order to enable drones to play a role in road traffic safety, it is necessary to conduct application-oriented research on platforms, intelligent detection, and emergency command.
1. Platform technology
Platform technology mainly refers to the technical terminology closely related to the UAV system. Among them, the UAV flight safety guarantee technology bears the brunt, and the drone flight safety reliability is directly related to the system application capability. Navigation is the eye of the drone. The navigation applied to the small-rotor UAV is mainly based on GPS navigation. In order to further improve the reliability of navigation, GPS, Beidou and radio integrated navigation technology should be developed. At the same time, in the case of a safety emergency, there should be an emergency landing mechanism. The automatic landing technology of the alternate site based on terrain intelligence analysis can meet the emergency needs, and the alternate parachute technology is also a good choice.
The data link is a conduit for UAVs to communicate with the ground. The data communication methods commonly used on drones are mainly microwave communication and satellite communication. For small UAVs and traffic applications, 4G can be studied, especially 5G technology in the data link. The application to improve the level of communication security.
At present, the short time of small unmanned aerial vehicles is the main factor affecting the application. In terms of power technology, in addition to researching technologies to improve battery power supply, it is also necessary to study the comprehensive use of batteries and fuels and energy conversion technology.
2. Road safety intelligent detection technology
(1) Machine learning
Recently, machine learning research has been a hot topic. Machine learning refers to how computers can simulate or implement human learning behaviors to acquire new knowledge or skills, and reorganize existing knowledge structures to continuously improve their performance. This year's AlphaZero victory over AlphaGo is enough to show that machine learning technology without prior knowledge has made a big step forward on the ground. In the road traffic safety incident detection described above, research should be carried out mainly on machine learning technology, and finally intelligent and accurate detection should be realized.
(2) Multi-source data fusion
In terms of intelligent detection technology, there is another data that cannot be ignored. Give full play to the fundamental role of data in machine learning and intelligent detection, and improve the detection level. In terms of traffic incident detection, in addition to traffic data, navigation data, geographic information data, and image data should be integrated to improve information extraction capabilities.
3. Emergency command technology
Command technology is a topic that cannot be ignored in the emergency response of road traffic safety. Personally believe that: "Emergency command technology should mainly carry out research from the perspective of emergency command system, intelligent generation of emergency plans, and decision-making technology based on data."
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