The 2014 "Blue Book of Industry" was released and the China Manufacturing Development Seminar was held this morning. Zhang Qizi, assistant to the director of the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and director of the Research Department, pointed out that China must attach great importance to shaping the new advantages of manufacturing competition in the process of moving towards the new economic normal.
This year's Blue Book focuses on research and manufacturing, including four major parts: general reports, industry, topics, and international experience. Zhang Qizi said that through these four aspects of analysis, we believe that China will attach great importance to shaping the new advantages of manufacturing competition in the process of moving towards the new economic normal.
First, compared with the competitiveness of the service industry, the international competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry is still in a strong position, and it is the main force driving the continued rise of China's export market share. China's exports of manufactured goods accounted for the proportion of global manufactured exports, surpassing the United Kingdom in 2000, surpassing France in 2002, surpassing Japan in 2004, surpassing the United States in 2006, and surpassing Germany in 2007. In 2008, the market share of China's primary products was 2% in 2008 and 2.2% in 2013. The international market share of manufactured goods increased from 12.7% in 2008 to 17.4%. The proportion of exports in goods exceeded 90% in 2003 and stabilized at around 93% after the international financial crisis. Compared with manufacturing, the competitiveness of service trade is relatively weak internationally. Compared with the important position of manufactured goods in the world, China's service industry exports have much less influence in the world, accounting for less than 5%. Although service trade should accelerate development, it is difficult to become a pillar force to promote China's export growth for a period of time. In terms of industries, we account for a very low proportion of the world in terms of finance, insurance, royalties and license fees. The larger part of our service industry is the construction industry.
Second, labor and resource-intensive products in the manufacturing industry have the highest international market share of low-end products, but the comparative advantage is weakening. China's manufacturing industry is in a difficult period of structural adjustment. In terms of market share, our labor and resource-intensive products and low-end products have a high market share in the international market, accounting for 30% in 2013, and low-end products in the international market share of more than 17%. In recent years, especially 2009 After the year, we found that the comparative advantages of labor- and resource-intensive products and low-end products are weakening, and the comparative advantages of high-end products are also in the platform period after a period of growth. Therefore, China's manufacturing industry is now in a period of weakening traditional advantages and difficulties in accumulating new competition.
Third, a series of factors that restrict the transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry still need to be resolved urgently. The analysis of the four factors in the industrial competitiveness report may impose great constraints on the transformation and upgrading of our future manufacturing industry. First, the competitiveness of the financial services industry is relatively weak. The financial services industry is not only far from the developed countries, but even weaker than the BRICS. Second, although China's logistics costs have shown a downward trend in recent years, they are still relatively high compared with developed countries. Third, the competitiveness of China's knowledge production field is relatively weak. The competitiveness of our knowledge production field has been increasing over the past 30 years. The number of papers published in our world is second, but the relative influence does not match.
Fourth, compared with hard power, China's soft power is relatively weak. We believe that the important way to measure soft power is to reflect the status of China's creative products and creative services in the global competition. China is a big exporter of creative products, but the competitiveness of films, books, newspapers and other fields that reflect the soft power of a country is relatively weak. In addition to advertising, market research and opinion polling services, the six categories of creative service exports are There is a huge gap between other creative services and the United States, Britain and Germany.
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