First, the groundwater heat pump heat pump (refrigerator) is through the work of the heat from low temperature medium to high temperature medium flow device. Building air-conditioning system should generally meet the winter heating and summer cooling two opposite requirements. Traditional air-conditioning systems usually require separate sets of cold sources (chillers) and heat sources (boilers). Because of the need to have a cold source (chiller) in a building air conditioning system, boiler and boiler rooms can be eliminated if it is run in heat pump mode in winter, saving not only initial investment, but also the use of clean energy such as electricity throughout the year, Greatly reduce the air pollution caused by heating problems. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a typical water source (groundwater) heat pump process Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a water source (groundwater) heat pump Schematic diagram of the water source (groundwater) heat pump process Because 70% of energy from the ground source heat pump from the soil, less energy consumption, High, the COP value is generally 3-5, that is, once the consumption of electricity it can release heat 3-5KW Beijing existing projects as an example: Heating and air conditioning area: 70,000 square meters System water: 10.6t / min System Type System Type Expense Soil Ground Source Heat Pump Traditional Central Air Conditioning plus Gas Boiler System Unit Price (RMB / sqm) Total Price (RMB) Unit Price (RMB / sqm) Total Price (RMB'0000) Total Investment Equipment Fee 1533 Construction Fee 1029 Total 2562 Operating costs (one year) Heating 12.9 150.1 26.23 266.2 Refrigeration 6.5 11.81 Land occupation 2500 31.5 2500 31.5 (Reference project: China-US Government Renewable Energy Cooperation Project - Beijing Earth-Gas Ground source heat pump demonstration project) Second, to the coupling tube system Figure II: to the coupling tube system Underground coupling heat pump system is the use of underground rock heat cycle closed loop Ground source heat pump system. Often referred to as "closed-circuit ground source heat pump" to distinguish it from groundwater heat pump systems or directly as "ground source heat pumps." It is through the circulation of liquid (water or water as the main component of the antifreeze) in the closed underground pipe flow, the system and the ground to achieve heat transfer. The underground coupling heat pump system is structurally characterized by a geothermal heat exchanger (geothermalheatexchanger, or groundheatexchanger) consisting of buried underground pipes. Geothermal heat exchangers are mainly installed in the form of horizontal buried pipe and vertical buried pipe two. Horizontal pipe buried in the form of open 1 to 2 meters deep trench, buried in each groove 2, 4 or 6 plastic pipe. Vertical buried pipe is drilled in the formation of a diameter of 0.1 ~ 0.15m drill hole set in a group (2) or 2 (4) U-shaped pipe filled with filling material. Drilling depth is usually 40 ~ 200m. The available surface area on site is a decisive factor in the choice of the form of the geothermal heat exchanger. Vertical buried geothermal heat exchanger can save a lot of land area than the horizontal buried pipe, so it is more suitable for China's less people and more national conditions. (Reference project: four-storey building, a total construction area of ​​2070.8m2. Air-conditioning use an area of ​​about 1600m2) Third, the sea water source heat pump Sea water source heat pump air-conditioning system due to its ability to use the huge thermal energy stored in seawater in recent years in many Coastal cities are receiving more and more attention. Sea water source heat pump air conditioning system is the use of sea water as a heat source or heat sink, and through the heat pump unit, heat medium or cooling refrigerant, and ultimately provide heat or cooling system. The heat energy contained in seawater is a typical renewable energy source. Therefore, the seawater source heat pump air conditioning system is also a way of using renewable energy. It is a green heating air conditioning system with energy conservation and environmental protection. Advantage of seawater heat pump air conditioning system analysis Compared with the current commonly used in each building set electric refrigeration unit and boiler room heating water heating compared to the way, mainly in the following areas: (1) can take full advantage of the user load distribution diversity Features (ie, not all users are peak load at the same time), reducing the total installed capacity of the device, but also help to reduce their initial investment. (2) The COP value of a large heat pump unit is higher than that of a small unit, improving the energy utilization efficiency. (3) Although heat pump units usually still require electricity for cooling / heating, they still have the energy saving advantage because they operate at higher COP values ​​for most of the year. Groundwater heat pump and ground-coupled heat pump system is a combination of HVAC technology and drilling technology, a combination of both, which requires both engineering and engineering Technicians can reasonably coordinate and do a full technical and economic analysis. Impact on the Environment: At present, groundwater recharge technology is imperfect, to a certain extent, will affect the further promotion of ground source heat pump with low heat source. In addition, the influence of ground source heat pump air conditioning system drilling on soil heat, humidity and salt migration Research needs to be further deepened, how to minimize the negative factors must be considered. Initial investment issue: Not all ground-source heat pump systems are cost-effective and some investors may return to traditional forms of air-conditioning as drilling costs may account for more than 50% of initial system-wide investment. Installation and maintenance: At present, the installation cost of ground source heat pump system is high, compared with 500-800 yuan / ton of electric cooling and natural gas heating system, 600-1000 yuan / ton (1 ton = 1.01605t) of ground source heat pump is obviously High, its payback period is 5 to 8 years; and ground source heat pump system maintenance is more difficult, which to a certain extent, will affect its use. · Sea water source heat pump long coastline, rich in water, moderate water temperature, good water quality, but not prone to winter icing problems. · Discussion on the new form The water source heat pump (groundwater heat pump and ground-coupled system) can be used further away from the shoreline to alleviate the restrictive problems caused by difficult to obtain larger amount of water. The combination of heat pump and solar energy is adopted. Figure four: (heat pump + solar combination)
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