Scientific fertilization is one of the important means to improve rice yield and efficiency. However, in the production practice, due to the poor grasp of fertilization technology, the rice is often caused to be fattened, and its symptoms are characterized by stagnant stagnation or stop growing; some of the seedlings are prosperous, and the ineffective tillers are vigorously breeding, leading to late maturity. Some seedlings are shaded to induce diseases such as sheath blight or rice blast. In the rice fields where the damage occurs, the lighter causes the production to decrease, and the heavy one makes the seedlings ploughed and replanted.
In order to give full play to the fertilization effect of rice, in addition to the application of the base fertilizer, it is necessary to apply "three fertilizers" in the top dressing, namely, splitting fertilizer, panicle fertilizer, and granular fertilizer. Rice fertilization should be considered in a comprehensive manner based on various characteristics such as variety characteristics, soil fertility, climatic factors and cultivation conditions. The demand for fertilizer in rice is manifested in the nutrition period, the nutrient critical period and the maximum nutrient efficiency period. If the growth period of early rice is short, the amount of fertilizer needed is relatively small, and fertilization should be concentrated earlier. Mid-season and late-season rice have a longer growth period. If the amount of fertilizer is large and the intensity is large, the number of top dressings should be increased to increase the proportion of topdressing. The nutrient critical period of nitrogen, phosphorus and fertilizer in rice generally occurs in the three-leaf stage. Sometimes the nutrient critical period of nitrogen and potassium also occurs in the differentiation of young panicles and the formation of young panicles. The maximum nutrient efficiency of rice occurs in the long ear stage, which is the most vigorous stage of vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and also a critical period for fertilizer.
According to the study, for every 100 kg of rice produced, about 1.6-2.5 kg of nitrogen is absorbed from the soil. 0.8-1.2 kg, potassium 2.1-3.0 kg. The ratio of the three elements is 2:1:3.
After understanding the rules and characteristics of rice fertilizer, it is necessary to carry out reasonable topdressing in stages.
First, the early application of fat. The topdressing before transplanting from transplanting to young ears is called splitting. The tillering fertilizer requires early application time and sufficient quantity. Generally, the amount of fertilizer is 50-60% of the total amount of topdressing. Because the tillering period is the first peak period of nitrogen nutrition in rice life, and because the temperature, water temperature and soil temperature in the early stage of rice are low, the nutrient release is slow, and the amount of topdressing is too small to meet the needs of rice for nutrients. Only early application is beneficial to the early tillering and multi-pointing of rice, reducing the tillering position, creating conditions for the long-term and grain weight. The tiller fertilizer is applied 7-10 days after rice planting, and 5-7 kg of urea is applied per acre. If the bottom fertilizer is insufficient, it can be properly applied, but it cannot be blindly over-dressed to prevent madness.
Second, clever application of panicle fertilizer. The differentiation from the beginning of the young ear to the top dressing before heading is called panicle fertilizer. It is also the second peak of nitrogen absorption. Applying the ear fertilizer can protect the flowers and increase the grain, and promote the large grains of the ear. And can prevent corruption, lodging. There are several points to be technically made. First, the field is good, the bottom is fat, and there are many branches. The second is that the morning leaves do not hang dew, the noon leaves are straight, the leaves are pale yellow, and the third is cloudy and rainy. Shi, rush to apply on a sunny day. The application time is the rice round rod period. Apply 3-4 kg of urea to the acre, and apply a small amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Spray 0.2-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution per acre of foliage. 50 kg.
Third, discretionary application of granular fertilizer. The top dressing after heading is called grain fertilizer or strong seed fertilizer. Granular fertilizer can prolong the functional period of the leaf, prevent premature aging and increase the weight of the grain. However, it should be noted that the seedlings are not yellow, the rainy days are not applied, and the diseased fields are not applied. It is necessary to spray 1% urea solution on sunny days or 1:500 times of Huimanfeng active liquid fertilizer, 50 kg per mu. For paddy fields that have developed sheath blight and rice warm disease, pesticides such as L. K. plant life skin, sclerotium net, different rice stalk net, stalk net, agricultural anti-120, and bacteriostatic are used.
In order to give full play to the fertilization effect of rice, in addition to the application of the base fertilizer, it is necessary to apply "three fertilizers" in the top dressing, namely, splitting fertilizer, panicle fertilizer, and granular fertilizer. Rice fertilization should be considered in a comprehensive manner based on various characteristics such as variety characteristics, soil fertility, climatic factors and cultivation conditions. The demand for fertilizer in rice is manifested in the nutrition period, the nutrient critical period and the maximum nutrient efficiency period. If the growth period of early rice is short, the amount of fertilizer needed is relatively small, and fertilization should be concentrated earlier. Mid-season and late-season rice have a longer growth period. If the amount of fertilizer is large and the intensity is large, the number of top dressings should be increased to increase the proportion of topdressing. The nutrient critical period of nitrogen, phosphorus and fertilizer in rice generally occurs in the three-leaf stage. Sometimes the nutrient critical period of nitrogen and potassium also occurs in the differentiation of young panicles and the formation of young panicles. The maximum nutrient efficiency of rice occurs in the long ear stage, which is the most vigorous stage of vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and also a critical period for fertilizer.
According to the study, for every 100 kg of rice produced, about 1.6-2.5 kg of nitrogen is absorbed from the soil. 0.8-1.2 kg, potassium 2.1-3.0 kg. The ratio of the three elements is 2:1:3.
After understanding the rules and characteristics of rice fertilizer, it is necessary to carry out reasonable topdressing in stages.
First, the early application of fat. The topdressing before transplanting from transplanting to young ears is called splitting. The tillering fertilizer requires early application time and sufficient quantity. Generally, the amount of fertilizer is 50-60% of the total amount of topdressing. Because the tillering period is the first peak period of nitrogen nutrition in rice life, and because the temperature, water temperature and soil temperature in the early stage of rice are low, the nutrient release is slow, and the amount of topdressing is too small to meet the needs of rice for nutrients. Only early application is beneficial to the early tillering and multi-pointing of rice, reducing the tillering position, creating conditions for the long-term and grain weight. The tiller fertilizer is applied 7-10 days after rice planting, and 5-7 kg of urea is applied per acre. If the bottom fertilizer is insufficient, it can be properly applied, but it cannot be blindly over-dressed to prevent madness.
Second, clever application of panicle fertilizer. The differentiation from the beginning of the young ear to the top dressing before heading is called panicle fertilizer. It is also the second peak of nitrogen absorption. Applying the ear fertilizer can protect the flowers and increase the grain, and promote the large grains of the ear. And can prevent corruption, lodging. There are several points to be technically made. First, the field is good, the bottom is fat, and there are many branches. The second is that the morning leaves do not hang dew, the noon leaves are straight, the leaves are pale yellow, and the third is cloudy and rainy. Shi, rush to apply on a sunny day. The application time is the rice round rod period. Apply 3-4 kg of urea to the acre, and apply a small amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Spray 0.2-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution per acre of foliage. 50 kg.
Third, discretionary application of granular fertilizer. The top dressing after heading is called grain fertilizer or strong seed fertilizer. Granular fertilizer can prolong the functional period of the leaf, prevent premature aging and increase the weight of the grain. However, it should be noted that the seedlings are not yellow, the rainy days are not applied, and the diseased fields are not applied. It is necessary to spray 1% urea solution on sunny days or 1:500 times of Huimanfeng active liquid fertilizer, 50 kg per mu. For paddy fields that have developed sheath blight and rice warm disease, pesticides such as L. K. plant life skin, sclerotium net, different rice stalk net, stalk net, agricultural anti-120, and bacteriostatic are used.
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