How to test soil fertilization

The soil testing formula fertilization mainly focuses on the following nine tasks: “measurement of soil, formula, fertilizer, fertilizer, and fertilization”:

Soil test

Soil testing is an important basis for formulating fertilizer formulations. According to the requirements of the Technical Specifications for Soil Testing and Formulation (Trial), the project counties collect an average of 1 soil sample per 100 to 200 mu of cultivated land (the localities adjust accordingly according to the actual situation, 30 to 80 mu in hilly mountains and 100 to 500 in plain areas). Collect 1 soil sample in the mu). At the same time, a representative sampling point is selected to track the effect of soil testing and formula fertilization. On the basis of soil testing, plant and water samples are analyzed as needed to provide basic data for formulation.

Field trial

According to the requirements of the Technical Specifications for Soil Testing and Formulation (Trial), the field fertilizer effect community experiment was arranged to find out the basic parameters such as soil nutrient correction coefficient, soil fertilizer supply, crop fertilizer requirement and fertilizer utilization rate. Establish a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer effect model for main crops in different fertilization zones, determine the rational fertilization varieties and quantity of crops, the ratio of base fertilizer and top dressing, the best fertilization period and fertilization method, and establish a fertilization index system to provide basis for formula design and fertilization guidance.

Formula design

Organize relevant experts, summarize and analyze the results of soil test and field test data, and reasonably divide the fertilization type area according to the differences of climate, landform, soil type, crop variety and farming system. Review the fertilization parameters of the soil testing formula, establish a fertilization model, and formulate fertilizer formulas by region and crop.

Calibration test

In order to ensure the accuracy of the fertilizer formula and reduce the risk of application of the large area of ​​the formula, in each of the fertilization division units, the local main crops and their main varieties are set as the object, and the soil testing formula fertilization, the farmers' customary fertilization, and the blank control are set. The calibration test compares the yield increase effect of soil testing and formula fertilization, verifies and perfects the fertilizer formula, and optimizes the technical parameters of soil testing and formula fertilization.

Fertilizer processing

According to the formula, the formula fertilizer is prepared by using various simple or compound fertilizers as raw materials. At present, there are two ways: First, the farmers purchase various fertilizers according to the formula suggestion card, and apply them together; second, the fertilizer companies process the formula fertilizer according to the formula, and the farmers purchase and apply. The most dynamic mode of operation is market operation, factory production and network operation.

Demonstration promotion

According to the farmer's plot and crop planting status in the project area, a soil testing formula fertilization recommendation card shall be formulated, which shall be put into the household by the project township (town) agricultural technicians and the village committee, and signed by the head of the household. Establish a demonstration area for soil testing and fertilization, establish a model, show the effect of soil testing and formula fertilization technology, and guide farmers to apply soil testing and formula fertilization technology.

Publicity training

On the one hand, we will strengthen training for agricultural technology extension departments, fertilizer production enterprises, distributors and relevant technical personnel at all levels, and gradually establish a system for holding certificates. On the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen publicity and training through radio, television, newspapers and periodicals, clear papers, on-site meetings, etc., to improve the awareness of fertilization and fertilization of farmers, and to popularize scientific knowledge of fertilization techniques.

Evaluation

Through the dynamic monitoring of fertilization efficiency and soil fertility in the project area, and timely obtaining the feedback from farmers, the actual effect of soil testing and formula fertilization is evaluated, and the management system, technical system and service system are continuously improved.

technology R & D

Focus on technical research and development in field trials, soil nutrient testing, fertilizer formulation, data processing, and expert consultation systems, and continuously improve the level of soil testing and fertilization technology.

Source: Farmers Daily Author: Dusen
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