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Recently, Jin Shengjun, a researcher of the Ultrafast Time-Resolved Spectroscopy and Dynamics Specialties Research Group at the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has made new progress in the study of carrier-directed migration in metal-organic perovskite nanowires. The directional regulation of long-distance transport of photocarriers in individual nanowires was published in the "Journal of American Chemistry" (J. Am. Chem. Soc., DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b10512).
The superior performance of metal organic perovskite MAPbX3 (MA=CH3NH3+; X=Cl-, Br-, I-) materials in photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices has attracted widespread attention from related researchers. In perovskite-based devices, long-distance carrier transport is essential for the preparation of high-performance devices. At present, it has been reported that the carrier diffusion distance in polycrystalline and single crystals of perovskite can reach the micrometer scale. In addition to using the intrinsic carrier-diffusion concentration of the perovskite material to drive the diffusion and transport properties, people have also tried to further enhance the carrier transport performance through nanoscale chemical control. To achieve this goal, the research team developed a "solid-solid" method of halogen ion exchange and synthesized a MAPbBrxI3-x single crystal nanowire containing a halogen gradient; wherein one end of the nanowire is rich in bromine (high energy Band), the other end is rich in iodine (low energy band), and the directional migration of carriers is successfully achieved through the gradient of the energy levels at both ends. Through time-resolved fluorescence imaging and kinetic measurements, it was found that carriers can migrate directionally from a high bromine concentration region (high energy band) to a high iodine concentration region (low energy band) a few microns away. Compared with the intrinsic carrier migration process, the energy level gradient driven carrier transport process has a clear single direction, so that this nanowire captures and transports light energy over long distances, and improves photogenerated carriers. There are very broad application prospects in the areas of utilization efficiency and nanophotonics.
The above work was supported by the national key research and development projects of the Ministry of Science and Technology and projects supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
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