First, the introduction
The technical level of CNC machine tools and the percentage of metal cutting machine tool production and total possession are one of the important indicators to measure the national economic development and the overall level of industrial manufacturing. CNC lathe is one of the main varieties of CNC machine tools. It occupies a very important position in CNC machine tools. It has been widely recognized by countries all over the world for decades and has been rapidly developed. The main shaft is an important part of the lathe structure, which plays an important role in improving the processing efficiency, expanding the range of processing materials and improving the processing quality. Most economical CNC lathes cannot be automatically shifted. When shifting is required, the machine can only be stopped and then manually shifted. Most of the main drive systems of full-function CNC lathes use stepless speed change. At present, the continuously variable transmission system mainly has two types of variable frequency spindle system and servo spindle system, and generally adopts a DC or AC spindle motor. The spindle is rotated by the belt drive, or the spindle is rotated by the belt drive and the reduction gear in the headstock (for greater torque). Due to the wide speed range of the spindle motor and the stepless speed regulation, the structure of the spindle box is greatly simplified. At present, it is very common for customers to use the inverter on a lathe due to the high cost performance of the inverter. With its unique performance and superior cost performance, Delta M series inverters have rapidly emerged in the application of CNC machine tools and become a powerful force on the market.
Second, the introduction of the characteristics of the inverter
1. Small size, belonging to the mini-type product, occupying less space in the control cabinet;
2. The control mode is sine wave SPWM (providing speed-free feedback vector control), and the control performance is greatly improved compared with the previous VF control mode, especially in the low-speed torque to meet the demand of the machine tool spindle, and the starting torque can be 5HZ. More than 150%;
3. The carrier frequency range is 0-15KHz, which reduces the electromagnetic noise of the motor;
4. Provides a standard 0-10V analog interface (input impedance 47Kohm, output impedance 250Kohm), can be compatible with most CNC system interfaces, and has strong versatility;
5. Strong load capacity, more than 150% of rated output current exceeds one minute;
6. Provide multi-function output terminal signals, such as zero-speed signal, running signal, speed arrival signal, fault indication, to meet the system's monitoring of spindle speed status;
7. Automatic torque compensation to meet the processing needs of machine tool spindles at low speeds;
8. Provide three sets of abnormal records for the maintenance personnel to understand the actual running condition of the machine tool spindle from the side;
9. Motor parameter auto-tuning function, online identification of motor parameters to ensure system stability and accuracy.
Third, the debugging environment and wiring, debugging methods
The customer's optional motor is 3.0KW/50Hz/380V, the inverter model is VFD037M43, and the braking resistor is 400W/150ohm.
The AVI/GND terminal of the inverter provides the analog simulation of the speed of the CNC system, the positive signal of the AVI connected to the analog interface of the CNC system, the negative signal of GND, the signal is the analog voltage signal of 0-10V, and the spindle speed is controlled. M0/M1/GND is the forward/reverse signal terminal of the inverter. Usually, the CNC system sends forward rotation signal FWD or reverse REV to drive the intermediate relay. The normally open contact of the intermediate relay is connected to the inverter M0/GND or M1/GND to control the forward and reverse of the inverter.
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