Pump model 1 Pay attention to the rational selection of the pump Reduce energy consumption (1) Choose a reasonable pump model. There are 136 water pumps in the water supply department. Due to historical reasons, some pressurization stations have problems with large-scale horse-drawn vehicles. As a result, pump efficiency is low and power waste is more serious. At present, China's self-developed new energy-saving pumps can achieve the best efficiency of more than 90%, and safe and reliable. If the pump improper selection, the pump configuration is not reasonable, it will waste a lot of energy consumption, so that business costs increase, a direct impact on the economic efficiency of enterprises. Therefore, pay attention to the rational selection of pumps, increase efforts to reform the old pump to achieve the best combination of pump, in the long run, the economic effect is considerable. Under the planned economy, as long as water supply is available, no one at all has ever considered the economic accounts. Nowadays, under the market economy, all kinds of enterprises attach great importance to economic benefits and strive to maximize the realization of their benefits. As a water supply enterprise, it is inevitable to update or rebuild the energy-intensive equipment. (2) increase the amount of water to reduce power consumption. Pump after technical transformation, due to the simple structure of the new pump, safe and reliable, not only to meet user demand for water, but also easy to maintain and overhaul, greatly reducing the labor intensity of staff, staff and equipment safety has a reliable guarantee . 2 Select a reasonable pump operating point to improve operating efficiency Pump efficiency is an important factor affecting the efficiency of the pumping station device, which is related to the pump design, manufacturing level, pump operating conditions and usage. The operating point of the pump, that is, the actual water pump device at an instant the amount of water, head, shaft power and other parameters directly reflect the working capacity of the pump device, which is the pumping station design and management should first consider the problem . According to the standard requirements, the pump operating efficiency shall not be less than 90% of the maximum efficiency of the pump, so the pump operating conditions point only in the high efficiency section of the characteristic curve to run efficiently. Based on the operating characteristics and piping characteristics obtained from the determination of the pump technology at each pressurization station, we adjusted most of the pumps with low operating efficiency and irrational operating conditions to operate at the optimum operating point in the high-efficiency section, Thus improving the pump's operating efficiency. 3 to reduce the drainage pipe resistance to improve the efficiency of the piping system Pipeline system efficiency and pipeline, pipe diameter, pipe fittings, type and quantity of pipe fittings and flow and so on. Reduce the drainage pipe resistance, you can make the drainage system work point right, reduce the resistance loss, traffic increases, the system efficiency. Drainage pipeline resistance loss, including drainage along the path of resistance loss, reducing pipe, check valve, gate valve and other local resistance loss. Among them, the proportion of drain loss along the way is the largest. For the existing drainage system with long-term use, the main method to reduce the resistance along the route is to clean the scale in the drain and improve the system working conditions. As a result of the pipeline design problems caused by the loss of local resistance, it is necessary to transform it to reduce the loss of local resistance and improve the efficiency of the pipeline system. For example: I was at the water pump plant four pumps, due to pipeline design problems, the pressure pipe valve and check valve directly connected to each other, the disc valve plate fully open, blocking the check valve tongue , So that check valve tongue can not be fully opened, the pipeline increased local resistance. To solve this problem, we add a flexible connecting sleeve between the pressure plate and the check valve to eliminate the shortcomings of the connection between the butterfly valve and the check valve, reducing the local resistance, increasing the flow rate, and reducing the power consumption reduce. In addition, in the new drainage system, in order to reduce the pipeline loss, economic diameter can be used to shorten the length of the pipeline in the pipeline layout, as far as possible by changing the line arrangement of the pipeline straight line layout, while reducing unnecessary tees, gate valve And other pipe fittings, to ensure that the pipeline sealing, to reduce the local resistance loss, to achieve the purpose of improving the efficiency of the pipeline system. 4 Actively promote the use of new technologies to reduce energy consumption efficiency Motor frequency control technology to reduce energy consumption. AC motor speed control technology is a new generation of electric drive technology, with a high degree of automation, high efficiency and energy saving, easy adjustment; complete protection, easy maintenance; help to extend the service life of equipment and so on. Both with DC speed control system to facilitate the adjustment of features, but also has the use of AC motor simple maintenance features. In the 1990s, with the breakthrough of high-power AC frequency conversion technology in our country, the technology has been applied more and more widely in civil, mechanical, electric power and other fields and obtained very good energy-saving effect.
Tunnel lining with segmental rings behind TBMs are reinforced concrete elements and must be calculated and designed according to the standards of reinforced concrete constructions. In tunnelling, however, specific circumstances must be taken in account, which make design much more complicated: The determination of loads during ring erection, advance of the TBM, earth pressure and bedding of the articulated ring, is difficult. The ring model and the design input values must be studied carefully according to the parameters of the surrounding soil.
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