Abstract Recently, the first working meeting of the upstream and downstream cooperation mechanism of civil aircraft aluminum was held in Shanghai. At the meeting, Zhou Changyi, director of the raw materials department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, proposed that the aviation aluminum material should be fully supplied independently, and the state-owned enterprises and enterprises should be encouraged to promote each other and integrate military and civilian. The Raw Materials Division of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is also close to...
Recently, the first working meeting of the upstream and downstream cooperation mechanism of civil aircraft aluminum was held in Shanghai. At the meeting, Zhou Changyi, director of the raw materials department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, proposed that the aviation aluminum material should be fully supplied independently, and the state-owned enterprises and enterprises should be encouraged to promote each other and integrate military and civilian. The Raw Materials Division of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology also recently wrote that it will expand the new application of aluminum processing materials and continue to support the development of high-end aluminum materials to promote the development of the aluminum processing industry. It is reported that the current aluminum alloy semi-trailers and tankers can enjoy the policy support of transportation energy-saving emission reduction, road raft transportation recommended models, vehicle and boat tax reduction, etc. Broken bridge aluminum alloy, color aluminum plate, aluminum alloy formwork, etc. are listed as green building materials. According to industry insiders, in the process of promoting the national favorable policies and the development of the transportation industry towards energy conservation, environmental protection and light weight, the downstream applications of aluminum materials in transportation, machinery and equipment, and electric power engineering are becoming more and more popular, and the market potential is huge.
Domestic aluminum processing industry needs to be upgraded
Aluminum processing is an important part of China's non-ferrous metal industry. After years of rapid development, China has become the world's largest aluminum producer and consumer, and its comprehensive strength has been significantly enhanced. In 2014, China's aluminum processing materials production reached 48.45 million tons, an increase of 18.6%, accounting for more than 50% of the world's aluminum processing materials production. From January to August this year, the output of aluminum was 33.52 million tons, up 9.1% year-on-year; from January to July, the aluminum processing industry realized a profit of 29.2 billion yuan, accounting for 39% of the total profit of the whole industry (excluding gold).
At the same time, however, there are still some problems in the domestic aluminum processing industry to be resolved. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said that China's aluminum processing R & D investment is insufficient, the alloy composition and processing technology numerical simulation, intelligent control level and foreign advanced level is very different, aviation aluminum, passenger car aluminum and other high-end product development capabilities are weak, product quality is not Stable, high production costs and serious product homogeneity. In addition, the industrial structure of the aluminum industry is not reasonable, and it is in the form of “large middle and small headsâ€, with excessive smelting capacity and shortage of high value-added processed products.
The documentary director of the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association said: "The low-end products can not be sold, and the high-end products are not sold enough. This structural problem of aluminum processing industry requires more and more powerful aluminum companies to join the high-end market. solve."
In addition, China's aluminum processing products often encounter “double-reverse†investigations and sanctions in many countries in the international market. Only high-tech aluminum products with high value-added and high value-added are more competitive in the international market.
For example, China Zhongwang has experienced the “double opposition†to successfully return to the international market. China Zhongwang is the world's second largest and Asia's largest manufacturer and manufacturer of industrial aluminum extrusion products. In 2011, it encountered US “double-reverse†trade. Barriers, export volume fell sharply, Zhongwang quickly adjusted the market focus, adopted a number of coping strategies: Zhongwang developed a more technically advanced 2, 5, 7 series of hard alloy products, which are more technical, because Among the “double-reverseâ€, only three, three, and six ordinary soft alloy series products for electric power and automobiles are used, and two, four, five, and seven are used in high-end fields such as aviation and aerospace. Hard alloy series products are not included in this scope; in addition, Zhongwang has also increased efforts to increase the proportion of high value-added products and promote the development and production of deep-processed products.
Deep processing is the processing of industrial aluminum products into high value-added products through a series of processes such as cutting, welding, grinding and surface treatment. It is widely used in transportation (including railway passenger cars and container trucks, urban express transportation systems, automobiles, etc. Heavy trucks, ships, aviation, etc.) as well as mechanical equipment and electrical engineering. At the beginning of “Double Counterâ€, Zhongwang’s deep processing business was still in its infancy. After realizing the trade barrier crisis, Zhongwang accelerated the R&D and production of the deep processing center and successfully achieved overseas counterattacks: in 2012, the sales volume of deep processing products increased more than 3 times. 28,000 tons, overseas sales revenue increased by 141.6% to RMB 1.13 billion; in 2013, export sales surged 96.5% year-on-year to 62,000 tons, and export sales increased by 52.1% year-on-year to about 1.72 billion yuan; Driven by the growth in sales of deep-processed products, export sales increased by 35.3% year-on-year to approximately 84,000 tons, and export sales revenue increased by 26.9% year-on-year to approximately RMB 2.18 billion. In order to open up export markets outside the United States, Zhongwang also established new subsidiaries in Japan and Germany in 2014, focusing on the aluminum market in the countries concerned.
According to industry insiders, with the increasing pressure from domestic and foreign competition, China's aluminum processing industry needs to continue to expand consumption in the traditional field, while accelerating technological innovation and structural adjustment to meet the needs of high-end equipment manufacturing.
Promote the process of high-end aluminum autonomy
Although China has become the world's number one aluminum processing country, China's aluminum processing industry has relatively weak technological innovation capabilities, lack of international management and global resource allocation capacity. Core technology equipment and high, fine and sophisticated products are highly dependent on the outside world. The strength is not strong. At present, most of the high-end aluminum foil and foil products such as aviation-grade aluminum thick plates, aluminum alloy strips for automobile bodies, and high-voltage anode electronic foils are imported.
In response to the situation that some high-end aluminum processing products rely on imports, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said that it will improve the level of aluminum deep processing, continue to implement major projects related to technological transformation, strong foundation engineering and new materials closely related to the aluminum processing industry, and increase aviation aluminum materials. Continued support for key areas such as car boards, and strive to achieve substantive breakthroughs in material development, technological innovation, quality control, and intelligent production.
Recently, the Raw Materials Industry Department and the Equipment Industry Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jointly organized the first working meeting of the upstream and downstream cooperation mechanism for civil aircraft aluminum in Shanghai. At the meeting, Zhou Changyi, Director of the Raw Materials Department, clearly pointed out that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will focus on aviation aluminum research and development, production and Applying key links, aiming at promoting the complete supply of aviation aluminum materials, establishing independent and innovative material systems and equipment technology systems, giving full play to the role of cooperation mechanism, increasing support for key brand development and platform construction, and improving the application of civil aircraft aluminum materials The policy and standards system encourages state-owned enterprises and private enterprises to promote each other and integrate military and civilian.
It is understood that the establishment of the upstream and downstream cooperation mechanism for civil aircraft aluminum is only the first step promoted by the government. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will also study and establish a cooperation mechanism for the establishment of transportation aluminum production enterprises, equipment design and manufacturing, downstream users, governments, associations, etc. Coordinate departments to improve supporting policies, actively guide enterprises to actively participate in vehicle standardization and revision work, promote standardization, light weight, and boxing of models, and promote close cooperation between upstream and downstream.
China Zhongwang participated in the meeting as one of the members of the upstream and downstream cooperation mechanism for civil aircraft aluminum. It is reported that as the leader of private aluminum enterprises, Zhongwang has already laid out the high-end aluminum processing market and promoted the autonomy of high-end aluminum. China Zhongwang has prepared a five-year-old Tianjin aluminum rolled product project, mainly producing aluminum alloy plate, including transportation plates and chemical container plates used in aerospace, marine, commercial vehicles, special vehicles and rail vehicles. Etc., the plant construction and equipment installation of the first production line has been basically completed, and it is expected to be put into operation before the end of this year. Zhongwang also hopes to seize the market from the international giants through the production of aluminum processing products that are basically imported by the country, relying on advanced technology and local advantages.
Lu Changqing, executive director and vice president of China Zhongwang, said: “The first production line of Tianjin Aluminum Rolled Products Project is mainly oriented to the domestic market. At present, such products are mainly imported in China. Once put into production, they can make up for domestic high-end aluminum processing aluminum alloy. The blank of the plate market."
High-end aluminum: the trend of material development in the field of transportation
Today, the low carbon economy has become the trend of the times. The application and promotion of aluminum has a special significance. This discovery, like the light metal in the 19th century, plays a pivotal role in balancing economic development and environmental protection.
Aluminum is the largest non-ferrous metal in the world, and the cost of aluminum is much lower than that of titanium alloys and carbon fibers.
The aluminum alloy is made of aluminum ingot with a purity of more than 92% as the main raw material, and metal elements such as carbon, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, etc., which are added with strength, hardness, wear resistance, etc., are added to form an aluminum alloy containing various components. Aluminum alloy is a green material that is completely harmless to the environment. The recovery rate of aluminum alloy material is about 80%. At present, 60% of aluminum alloy materials for automobiles come from recycled waste. It is expected that the recovery rate of aluminum alloy can be further increased to 90% in the future. the above.
In recent years, due to the increase in market demand and the improvement of aluminum processing technology, aluminum has become more and more widely used in high-end fields such as new energy vehicles, high-speed rail, ships, and even aviation.
Automotive lightweighting has become a trend in the world of automotive development. The density of aluminum is about 1/3 of that of steel. Aluminum can replace the steel to make cars, which can reduce the weight of the whole vehicle by 30%~40%, and the engine can reduce weight by 30%. The aluminum radiator is 20% lighter than the same copper products~ 40%, aluminum wheels can reduce weight by about 30%. The lightweight body allows the car's speed and handling to be greatly improved. In addition to light, aluminum also offers higher safety. Because of the excellent properties of aluminum, today's aluminum alloys have been widely used in various parts of automobiles, such as instrument panels and engine brackets, aluminum alloy wheels, suspension system parts, bumper beams, cylinders, doors and heat exchangers.
High-speed rail is a "large aluminum alloy", which has good characteristics in light weight, air tightness and corrosion resistance, making it the best choice for high-speed rail car body materials. More than 85% of a high-speed rail body material is extruded aluminum, and the entire body is welded by profiles, plates, castings and forgings. The density of an aluminum alloy is about one-third that of a steel, and an alloy formed by adding a certain element has a higher strength than a steel alloy. Therefore, while the strength rigidity meets the safety requirements of the high-speed rail car, the use of aluminum alloy can greatly reduce the self-weight of the high-speed train car. Experts in the industry pointed out that high-speed trains with a speed of more than 300 kilometers per hour must be made of aluminum alloy. All trains of more than 350 kilometers use aluminum profiles except for the chassis.
Aluminum is an advanced material for the construction of marine and marine engineering structural components. The light weight, strong mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy make it the material of choice for modern ships. Ships made of aluminum alloy have the advantages of high speed, long service life, high load capacity and low maintenance cost.
Aluminum is also one of the most important metal materials for the manufacture of aerospace equipment. The specific strength and specific stiffness of aluminum alloys are similar to those of steel, but their density is low. At the same strength level, it can provide a thicker material and resist buckling resistance under pressure. Better, become a classic aircraft structural material. High-strength aluminum alloy has the advantages of low density, high strength and good hot workability. The plates, extruded profiles and hub parts made of it have broad application prospects in aerospace components. For example, high-strength aluminum alloy thick plates are used as the main bearing members, and the proportion of use accounts for 30% to 35% of the total aluminum consumption on the aircraft.
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