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Fig.1 Oil content of yellow filamenta
Table 1 Fatty Acid Composition
Figure 2 Flowing and Heterotrophic Fermentation of Yellow Filamenta
The core of production of bio-energy using oil-producing microalgae is the efficient and low-cost acquisition of large quantities of microalgal biomass. At present, the indicators for the breeding of oil-producing microalgae and algae mainly focus on their growth speed and biochemical composition. However, there is little attention to the industrial characters such as resistance to rotifers and harvesting performance of algae species. Traits are often the key to determining the successful establishment of a microalgae industrial culture system.
In view of the excellent recovery characteristics of Spirulina, the microalgal biotechnology team of the Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, proposed in 2013 that “Extracting oil-producing microalgae with excellent industrial properties from filamentous microalgae†New ideas, completed systematic reviews of dozens of strains of filamentous microalgae, and found for the first time yellow yellow algae cells (unbranched filaments) with high oil production capacity, resistance to rotifer contamination and easy recovery Receive characteristics. Under the laboratory conditions, the oil content of the yellow filamentous algae can reach 50~61%, of which the neutral lipids account for 70~80%. The algae cells can achieve more than 95% direct air-float harvesting or direct filtration when no flocculant is added. No obvious rotifer contamination was found in the annual culture (Wang et al., 2013).
The study found that its accumulation of lipids under photoautotrophic conditions is not induced by nitrogen deficiency and the unique mechanism of lipid accumulation and accumulation (Guo et al., 2014), through its lipid metabolism pathway and key regulatory genes for histological analysis and its effects on the environment The response of the factors determines the regulation of the rapid accumulation of lipids during the cultivation process (Wang et al., 2016). The method of biodiesel conversion of yellow thread algae oil and the conditions of ethanol production from the hydrolysis of algal residue were studied. A 500 m2 scale cultivation, harvesting, oil extraction and biodiesel conversion pilot tests were completed. Biodiesel was established using yellow filamentous algae and Process for cogeneration of fuel ethanol (Wang et al., 2013; 2014).
The study found that the content of palmitoleic acid (C16:1Δ9) in the oil from the yellow filberts accounts for about 50% of the total fatty acids, which is much higher than other common microalgae (Wang et al., 2016). Palmitoleic acid (C16:1Δ9) is an omega-7 monounsaturated fatty acid. It is considered to be a new hormone, besides it has a triglyceride-lowering effect and is beneficial to the health of the cardiovascular system. The human body's sensitivity to insulin plays an important role in the prevention, care, and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Studies have found that yellow filamenta can use organic carbon sources, especially glucose, for high-density heterotrophic growth (Wang et al., 2017; Zhou et al., 2017), and use organic carbon, nitrogen sources, and phosphorus in the medium. The optimization of source and inorganic nutrient salts established a batch fed-batch fermentation process of yellow filamentous algae. The final biomass reached 40 g/L, and the oil content reached about 45% of the dry weight after induction. This technology laid the foundation for the establishment of a process for the production of omega 7 fatty acids in parallel using a yellow-fed heterotrophic fermentation process. Related technologies have applied for Chinese invention patents and international PCT patents and have entered patent applications from the United States, Japan, the European Union and other countries.
The above research was supported by the National Support Plan Project, the "135" Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the State Oceanic Administration's Economic Innovation and Development Demonstration City Project, and the Qingdao Municipal Science and Technology Plan Project.
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